Ana Queralt1,2, Javier Molina-García3, Marta Terrón-Pérez4,5, Ester Cerin6,7, Anthony Barnett6, Anna Timperio8, Jenny Veitch8, Rodrigo Reis9, Alexandre Augusto Paula Silva10,11, Ariane Ghekiere12,13,14, Delfien Van Dyck14,15, Terry L Conway16, Kelli L Cain6,16, Carrie M Geremia16, James F Sallis6,16. 1. Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Jaume Roig s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain. Ana.Queralt@uv.es. 2. AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Ana.Queralt@uv.es. 3. Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 4. Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Jaume Roig s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain. 5. AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 6. Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia. 7. School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 8. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. 9. Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA. 10. Research Group on Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. 11. Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil. 12. Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. 13. Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. 14. Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium. 15. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. 16. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Microscale environmental features are usually evaluated using direct on-street observations. This study assessed inter-rater reliability of the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes, Global version (MAPS-Global), in an international context, comparing on-street with more efficient online observation methods in five countries with varying levels of walkability. METHODS: Data were collected along likely walking routes of study participants, from residential starting points toward commercial clusters in Melbourne (Australia), Ghent (Belgium), Curitiba (Brazil), Hong Kong (China), and Valencia (Spain). In-person on the street and online using Google Street View audits were carried out by two independent trained raters in each city. The final sample included 349 routes, 1228 street segments, 799 crossings, and 16 cul-de-sacs. Inter-rater reliability analyses were performed using Kappa statistics or Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: Overall mean assessment times were the same for on-street and online evaluations (22 ± 12 min). Only a few subscales had Kappa or ICC values < 0.70, with aesthetic and social environment variables having the lowest overall reliability values, though still in the "good to excellent" category. Overall scores for each section (route, segment, crossing) showed good to excellent reliability (ICCs: 0.813, 0.929 and 0.885, respectively), and the MAPS-Global grand score had excellent reliability (ICC: 0.861) between the two methods. CONCLUSIONS: MAPS-Global is a feasible and reliable instrument that can be used both on-street and online to analyze microscale environmental characteristics in diverse international urban settings.
BACKGROUND: Microscale environmental features are usually evaluated using direct on-street observations. This study assessed inter-rater reliability of the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes, Global version (MAPS-Global), in an international context, comparing on-street with more efficient online observation methods in five countries with varying levels of walkability. METHODS: Data were collected along likely walking routes of study participants, from residential starting points toward commercial clusters in Melbourne (Australia), Ghent (Belgium), Curitiba (Brazil), Hong Kong (China), and Valencia (Spain). In-person on the street and online using Google Street View audits were carried out by two independent trained raters in each city. The final sample included 349 routes, 1228 street segments, 799 crossings, and 16 cul-de-sacs. Inter-rater reliability analyses were performed using Kappa statistics or Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). RESULTS: Overall mean assessment times were the same for on-street and online evaluations (22 ± 12 min). Only a few subscales had Kappa or ICC values < 0.70, with aesthetic and social environment variables having the lowest overall reliability values, though still in the "good to excellent" category. Overall scores for each section (route, segment, crossing) showed good to excellent reliability (ICCs: 0.813, 0.929 and 0.885, respectively), and the MAPS-Global grand score had excellent reliability (ICC: 0.861) between the two methods. CONCLUSIONS: MAPS-Global is a feasible and reliable instrument that can be used both on-street and online to analyze microscale environmental characteristics in diverse international urban settings.
Entities:
Keywords:
Built environment; Direct observation; Measurement; Neighborhood; Physical activity
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