Lean-electrolyte lithium-sulfur electrochemical cells with high-loading carbon nanotube/nanofiber-polysulfide cathodes.

A carbon nanotube/nanofiber (CNT/CNF) composite is applied as a cathode substrate to develop a high-loading polysulfide cathode (8.64 mg cm-2, 68 wt% sulfur). The high-loading CNT/CNF-polysulfide cathode demonstrates high energy densities (11.4-15.7 mW h cm-2) and long-term cyclability (200 cycles) with low electrolyte-to-sulfur (E/S) ratios of 4-7 μL mg-1.