F De Negri1, R Galiezz2, P Miranda1, P Koeller1, G Zucoloto1, J Costa1, C M Farias3, G H Travassos4, R A Medronho2. 1. Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 2. Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 3. Institute Tercio Pacitti of Computational Applications and Research, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 4. Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To design better measures to contain the Covid-19 epidemics, it is relevant to know whether socioeconomic factors are associated with a higher risk of death by Covid-19. This work estimates the effects of individual socioeconomic characteristics on the risk of death by Covid-19. METHODS: Logistic models were estimated to assess the effect of socioeconomic characteristics (income, race/ethnicity, schooling, occupation and economic activity) on the risk of death from Covid-19. For this purpose, Covid-19 individual death records in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil were combined with the Annual Register of Social Information, which contains socioeconomic information about formal workers. FINDINGS: Workers employed in establishments in the health and public safety sectors present a risk of dying 2.46 and 2.25 times higher than those employed in other activities. Non-white people, men, and those who work in the Metropolitan Region are also more likely to die from Covid-19. People with higher education are 44% less likely to die from the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Some population groups are more vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemic and individual socioeconomic conditions play a relevant role in the probability of death by the disease. That should be considered in the design of prevention policies to be adopted.
BACKGROUND: To design better measures to contain the Covid-19 epidemics, it is relevant to know whether socioeconomic factors are associated with a higher risk of death by Covid-19. This work estimates the effects of individual socioeconomic characteristics on the risk of death by Covid-19. METHODS: Logistic models were estimated to assess the effect of socioeconomic characteristics (income, race/ethnicity, schooling, occupation and economic activity) on the risk of death from Covid-19. For this purpose, Covid-19 individual death records in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil were combined with the Annual Register of Social Information, which contains socioeconomic information about formal workers. FINDINGS: Workers employed in establishments in the health and public safety sectors present a risk of dying 2.46 and 2.25 times higher than those employed in other activities. Non-white people, men, and those who work in the Metropolitan Region are also more likely to die from Covid-19. People with higher education are 44% less likely to die from the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Some population groups are more vulnerable to the Covid-19 pandemic and individual socioeconomic conditions play a relevant role in the probability of death by the disease. That should be considered in the design of prevention policies to be adopted.
Authors: Andria Mousa; Peter Winskill; Oliver John Watson; Oliver Ratmann; Mélodie Monod; Marco Ajelli; Aldiouma Diallo; Peter J Dodd; Carlos G Grijalva; Moses Chapa Kiti; Anand Krishnan; Rakesh Kumar; Supriya Kumar; Kin O Kwok; Claudio F Lanata; Olivier Le Polain de Waroux; Kathy Leung; Wiriya Mahikul; Alessia Melegaro; Carl D Morrow; Joël Mossong; Eleanor Fg Neal; D James Nokes; Wirichada Pan-Ngum; Gail E Potter; Fiona M Russell; Siddhartha Saha; Jonathan D Sugimoto; Wan In Wei; Robin R Wood; Joseph Wu; Juanjuan Zhang; Patrick Walker; Charles Whittaker Journal: Elife Date: 2021-11-25 Impact factor: 8.713
Authors: Sarah Beale; Parth Patel; Alison Rodger; Isobel Braithwaite; Thomas Byrne; Wing Lam Erica Fong; Ellen Fragaszy; Cyril Geismar; Jana Kovar; Annalan Navaratnam; Vincent Nguyen; Madhumita Shrotri; Anna Aryee; Robert Aldridge; Andrew Hayward Journal: Occup Environ Med Date: 2022-04-21 Impact factor: 4.948
Authors: Jonathan Santos Apolonio; Ronaldo Teixeira da Silva Júnior; Beatriz Rocha Cuzzuol; Glauber Rocha Lima Araújo; Hanna Santos Marques; Isadora de Souza Barcelos; Luana Kauany de Sá Santos; Luciano Hasimoto Malheiro; Vinícius Lima de Souza Gonçalves; Fabrício Freire de Melo Journal: World J Methodol Date: 2022-09-20
Authors: Andria Mousa; Peter Winskill; Oliver J Watson; Oliver Ratmann; Mélodie Monod; Marco Ajelli; Aldiouma Diallo; Peter J Dodd; Carlos G Grijalva; Moses Chapa Kiti; Anand Krishnan; Rakesh Kumar; Supriya Kumar; Kin On Kwok; Claudio F Lanata; Olivier Le Polain de Waroux; Kathy Leung; Wiriya Mahikul; Alessia Melegaro; Carl D Morrow; Joël Mossong; Eleanor Fg Neal; David J Nokes; Wirichada Pan-Ngum; Gail E Potter; Fiona M Russell; Siddhartha Saha; Jonathan D Sugimoto; Wan In Wei; Robin R Wood; Joseph T Wu; Juanjuan Zhang; Patrick Gt Walker; Charles Whittaker Journal: medRxiv Date: 2021-06-15