Ana Moreno-Delafuente1, Ignacio Morales1, Elisa Garzo2, Alberto Fereres2,3, Elisa Viñuela1,3, Pilar Medina4,5. 1. Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. 2. Insectos Vectores de Patógenos de Plantas, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006, Madrid, Spain. 3. Associate Unit IVAS (CSIC-UPM), Control of Insect Vectors of Viruses in Horticultural Sustainable Systems, Madrid, Spain. 4. Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain. pilar.medina@upm.es. 5. Associate Unit IVAS (CSIC-UPM), Control of Insect Vectors of Viruses in Horticultural Sustainable Systems, Madrid, Spain. pilar.medina@upm.es.
Abstract
Elevated CO2 (eCO2) modifies plant primary and secondary metabolism that subsequently impacts herbivore insect performance due to changes in its nutritional requirements. This laboratory study evaluated interactions between Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and melon (Cucumis melo L., Cucurbitaceae), previously acclimated two or six weeks to different CO2 levels, eCO2 (700 ppm) or ambient CO2 (400 ppm). Under eCO2, melon plants decreased nitrogen foliar concentration and increased carbon to nitrogen ratio, independently of acclimation period, significantly reducing the content of some amino acids (alanine, asparagine, glycine, isoleucine, lysine, serine, threonine, and valine) and increasing the carbohydrate (sucrose) content in melon leaves. The dilution in some essential amino acids for aphid nutrition could have aggravated the reduction in A. gossypii population growth reared on melon previously acclimated two weeks to eCO2, as well as the loss of aphid body mass from two successive generations of A. gossypii reared under eCO2 on plants previously acclimated two or six weeks to eCO2. The response to eCO2 of phloem feeders, such as aphids, is actually variable, but this study highlights a negative response of A. gossypii to this climate change driver. Potential implications on control of this pest in a global change scenario are discussed.
Elevated CO2 (n class="Chemical">eCO2) modifies plant primary and secondary metabolism that subsequently impacts herbivore insect performance due to changes in its nutritional requirements. This laboratory study evaluated interactions between Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and melon (Cucumis melo L., Cucurbitaceae), previously acclimated two or six weeks to different CO2 levels, eCO2 (700 ppm) or ambient CO2 (400 ppm). Under eCO2, melon plants decreased nitrogen foliar concentration and increased carbon to nitrogen ratio, independently of acclimation period, significantly reducing the content of some amino acids (alanine, asparagine, glycine, isoleucine, lysine, serine, threonine, and valine) and increasing the carbohydrate (sucrose) content in melon leaves. The dilution in some essential amino acids for aphid nutrition could have aggravated the reduction in A. gossypii population growth reared on melon previously acclimated two weeks to eCO2, as well as the loss of aphid body mass from two successive generations of A. gossypii reared under eCO2 on plants previously acclimated two or six weeks to eCO2. The response to eCO2 of phloem feeders, such as aphids, is actually variable, but this study highlights a negative response of A. gossypii to this climate change driver. Potential implications on control of this pest in a global change scenario are discussed.
Authors: Glenn J Fitzgerald; Michael Tausz; Garry O'Leary; Mahabubur R Mollah; Sabine Tausz-Posch; Saman Seneweera; Ivan Mock; Markus Löw; Debra L Partington; David McNeil; Robert M Norton Journal: Glob Chang Biol Date: 2016-03-31 Impact factor: 10.863
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