Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji1,2, Jean Joel Bigna3,4, Sebastien Kenmoe1, Fredy Brice N Simo1,3, Marie A Amougou1,3, Marie S Ndangang5, Moise Nola2, Richard Njouom6. 1. Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 2. Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 4. School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. 5. Department of Medical Information and Informatics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France. 6. Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon. njouom@pasteur-yaounde.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in humans worldwide and have high burden in the resource-limited countries. Better knowledge of the epidemiology of hepatitis in animals in Africa can help to understand the epidemiology among humans. The objective of this study was to summarize the prevalence of HEV infection and distribution of HEV genotypes among animals in Africa. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and Africa Index Medicus from January 1st, 2000 to March 22th, 2020 without any language restriction. We considered cross-sectional studies of HEV infection in animals in Africa. Study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality of included studies were done independently by two investigators. Prevalence data were pooled using the random-effects meta-analysis. This review was registered in PROSPERO, CRD42018087684. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies (13 species and 6983 animals) were included. The prevalence (antibodies or ribonucleic acid [RNA]) of HEV infection in animals varied widely depending on biological markers of HEV infection measured: 23.4% (95% confidence interval; 12.0-37.2) for anti-HEV immunoglobulins G, 13.1% (3.1-28.3) for anti-HEV immunoglobulins M, and 1.8% (0.2-4.3) for RNA; with substantial heterogeneity. In subgroup analysis, the immunoglobulins G seroprevalence was higher among pigs 37.8% (13.9-65.4). The following HEV genotypes were reported in animals: Rat-HEV genotype 1 (rats and horses), HEV-3 (pigs), HEV-7 (dromedaries), and Bat hepeviruses (bats). CONCLUSIONS: We found a high prevalence of HEV infection in animals in Africa and HEV genotypes close to that of humans. Some animals in Africa could be the reservoir of HEV, highlighting the need of molecular epidemiological studies for investigating zoonotic transmission.
BACKGROUND:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in humans worldwide and have high burden in the resource-limited countries. Better knowledge of the epidemiology of hepatitis in animals in Africa can help to understand the epidemiology among humans. The objective of this study was to summarize the prevalence of HEV infection and distribution of HEV genotypes among animals in Africa. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and Africa Index Medicus from January 1st, 2000 to March 22th, 2020 without any language restriction. We considered cross-sectional studies of HEV infection in animals in Africa. Study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality of included studies were done independently by two investigators. Prevalence data were pooled using the random-effects meta-analysis. This review was registered in PROSPERO, CRD42018087684. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies (13 species and 6983 animals) were included. The prevalence (antibodies or ribonucleic acid [RNA]) of HEV infection in animals varied widely depending on biological markers of HEV infection measured: 23.4% (95% confidence interval; 12.0-37.2) for anti-HEV immunoglobulins G, 13.1% (3.1-28.3) for anti-HEV immunoglobulins M, and 1.8% (0.2-4.3) for RNA; with substantial heterogeneity. In subgroup analysis, the immunoglobulins G seroprevalence was higher among pigs 37.8% (13.9-65.4). The following HEV genotypes were reported in animals: Rat-HEV genotype 1 (rats and horses), HEV-3 (pigs), HEV-7 (dromedaries), and Bat hepeviruses (bats). CONCLUSIONS: We found a high prevalence of HEV infection in animals in Africa and HEV genotypes close to that of humans. Some animals in Africa could be the reservoir of HEV, highlighting the need of molecular epidemiological studies for investigating zoonotic transmission.
Authors: Siddharth Sridhar; Cyril C Y Yip; Shusheng Wu; Jianpiao Cai; Anna Jin-Xia Zhang; Kit-Hang Leung; Tom W H Chung; Jasper F W Chan; Wan-Mui Chan; Jade L L Teng; Rex K H Au-Yeung; Vincent C C Cheng; Honglin Chen; Susanna K P Lau; Patrick C Y Woo; Ning-Shao Xia; Chung-Mau Lo; Kwok-Yung Yuen Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2018-12 Impact factor: 6.883
Authors: Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji; Georges Marc Arthur Mveng Sanding; Marie Amougou Atsama; Chavely Gwladys Monamele; Moise Nola; Richard Njouom Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-02-10 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: G R Takuissu; S Kenmoe; L Ndip; J T Ebogo-Belobo; C Kengne-Ndé; D S Mbaga; A Bowo-Ngandji; M G Oyono; R Kenfack-Momo; S Tchatchouang; J Kenfack-Zanguim; R Lontuo Fogang; E Zeuko'o Menkem; G I Kame-Ngasse; J N Magoudjou-Pekam; S Nkie Esemu; C Veneri; P Mancini; G Bonanno Ferraro; M Iaconelli; E Suffredini; G La Rosa Journal: Food Environ Virol Date: 2022-08-29 Impact factor: 4.034