Yi Fang1, Zhijie Pei1, Hongjie Chen1, Renzhi Wang2, Ming Feng2, Liangfeng Wei1, Jun Li1, Heng Zhang1, Shousen Wang3,4. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. 3. Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. wshsen@126.com. 4. Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou 900th Hospital, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. wshsen@126.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the reliability of existing Knosp grade (KG) and modified KG for cavernous sinus invasion (CSI). METHODS: A thorough search of literature from 1993 to 2020 in six databases was performed. Studies that reported the intraoperative confirmation of CSI using KG and/or modified KG were included. The pooled estimates were calculated by meta-analysis with a bivariate mixed-effect model and the assessment of heterogeneity with I2 statistic. RESULTS: The final search yielded 12 eligible studies, which enrolled 3006 patients assessed with KG and 1315 patients assessed with modified KG. The results of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed the good discriminative abilities of grades 2-4 (0.90), 3-4 (0.86) and 3B-4 (0.91) in predicting CSI. Grade 3A showed a remarkably lower CSI rate (44% versus 81%) and incomplete resection rate (26% versus 52%) than grade 3B. Grades 0 and 1 showed a low CSI rate. CSI and incomplete resection rates in grade 2 (30% and 21%, respectively) were close to those in grade 3A. CONCLUSIONS: Modifying the KG improved its prognostic role in CSI and gross total resection. However, these grading systems cannot be used as the group standard for invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenomas (PAs) because of the weak reliability of the scale's middle grades (grades 2 and 3A). Authors of future PA studies should consider reporting KG as high (grades 3B and 4), medium (grades 2 and 3A) and low (grades 0 and 1) to optimise the application of the scale.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the reliability of existing Knosp grade (KG) and modified KG for cavernous sinus invasion (CSI). METHODS: A thorough search of literature from 1993 to 2020 in six databases was performed. Studies that reported the intraoperative confirmation of CSI using KG and/or modified KG were included. The pooled estimates were calculated by meta-analysis with a bivariate mixed-effect model and the assessment of heterogeneity with I2 statistic. RESULTS: The final search yielded 12 eligible studies, which enrolled 3006 patients assessed with KG and 1315 patients assessed with modified KG. The results of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed the good discriminative abilities of grades 2-4 (0.90), 3-4 (0.86) and 3B-4 (0.91) in predicting CSI. Grade 3A showed a remarkably lower CSI rate (44% versus 81%) and incomplete resection rate (26% versus 52%) than grade 3B. Grades 0 and 1 showed a low CSI rate. CSI and incomplete resection rates in grade 2 (30% and 21%, respectively) were close to those in grade 3A. CONCLUSIONS: Modifying the KG improved its prognostic role in CSI and gross total resection. However, these grading systems cannot be used as the group standard for invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenomas (PAs) because of the weak reliability of the scale's middle grades (grades 2 and 3A). Authors of future PA studies should consider reporting KG as high (grades 3B and 4), medium (grades 2 and 3A) and low (grades 0 and 1) to optimise the application of the scale.
Authors: Michael A Mooney; Douglas A Hardesty; John P Sheehy; Robert Bird; Kristina Chapple; William L White; Andrew S Little Journal: J Neurosurg Date: 2016-07-01 Impact factor: 5.115
Authors: Gerald Raverot; Pia Burman; Ann McCormack; Anthony Heaney; Stephan Petersenn; Vera Popovic; Jacqueline Trouillas; Olaf M Dekkers Journal: Eur J Endocrinol Date: 2017-10-18 Impact factor: 6.664
Authors: Robert Dallapiazza; Aaron E Bond; Yuval Grober; Robert G Louis; Spencer C Payne; Edward H Oldfield; John A Jane Journal: J Neurosurg Date: 2014-07-04 Impact factor: 5.115