Varun Muddaluru1, Rudolf Valenta2,3,4,5, Susanne Vrtala2, Thomas Schlederer2,6, James Hindley7, Pascal Hickey8,9, Mark Larché1,10,11, Elena Tonti1,8. 1. Clinical Immunology & Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 2. Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 3. NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia. 4. Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. 5. Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria. 6. Phadia Austria GmbH, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific ImmunoDiagnostics, Vienna, Austria. 7. Indoor Biotechnologies Ltd., Cardiff, UK. 8. Adiga Life Sciences Inc., Hamilton, ON, Canada. 9. Aravax Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 10. Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute at St. Joe's, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 11. McMaster Immunology Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) is a leading cause of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Despite more than 30 HDM-derived allergens having been identified to date, specific therapeutic approaches do not yet take into account the local sensitization profiles of patients. This study aimed to identify patterns of HDM sensitization in HDM-allergic adults living in distinct geographic areas, to inform the development of targeted diagnostic and therapeutic tools. METHODS: Serum samples from 685 HDM-allergic subjects from Canada, Europe, South Africa, and the USA were tested for levels of IgE specific for 17 micro-arrayed HDM allergens by ImmunoCAP Immuno Solid-phase Allergen Chip (ISAC) technology. RESULTS: The results confirmed significant geographical variability in sensitization patterns and levels of IgE. In all areas, the major sensitizers were the group 1 and group 2 allergens and Der p 23. Der p 23 was a frequent sensitizer: 64% of the subjects had IgE specific for Der p 23, and 2.3% were monosensitized to it. In South Africa, Der p 23 was the dominant HDM allergen (86% prevalence) and Der p 7 achieved major allergen status (56%). IgE sensitization to HDM was influenced by asthmatic status, levels of allergen exposure, age, race-ethnicity and smoking status, but not by BMI. CONCLUSION: Sensitization profiles to HDM allergens differ considerably among distinct geographic areas, with Der p 7 and Der p 23 being major sensitizers in South Africa. Such heterogeneity should be taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment of HDM-allergic patients.
BACKGROUND: Sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) is a leading cause of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Despite more than 30 HDM-derived allergens having been identified to date, specific therapeutic approaches do not yet take into account the local sensitization profiles of patients. This study aimed to identify patterns of HDM sensitization in HDM-allergic adults living in distinct geographic areas, to inform the development of targeted diagnostic and therapeutic tools. METHODS: Serum samples from 685 HDM-allergic subjects from Canada, Europe, South Africa, and the USA were tested for levels of IgE specific for 17 micro-arrayed HDM allergens by ImmunoCAP Immuno Solid-phase Allergen Chip (ISAC) technology. RESULTS: The results confirmed significant geographical variability in sensitization patterns and levels of IgE. In all areas, the major sensitizers were the group 1 and group 2 allergens and Der p 23. Der p 23 was a frequent sensitizer: 64% of the subjects had IgE specific for Der p 23, and 2.3% were monosensitized to it. In South Africa, Der p 23 was the dominant HDM allergen (86% prevalence) and Der p 7 achieved major allergen status (56%). IgE sensitization to HDM was influenced by asthmatic status, levels of allergen exposure, age, race-ethnicity and smoking status, but not by BMI. CONCLUSION: Sensitization profiles to HDM allergens differ considerably among distinct geographic areas, with Der p 7 and Der p 23 being major sensitizers in South Africa. Such heterogeneity should be taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment of HDM-allergic patients.
Authors: Victoria V Rodinkova; Serhii D Yuriev; Mariia V Kryvopustova; Vitalii B Mokin; Yevhenii M Kryzhanovskyi; Andrii I Kurchenko Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-03-22 Impact factor: 7.561