Burak Tan1, Umut Bakkaloğlu2, Meral Aşçıoğlu3, Cem Süer3. 1. Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty of Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. burak_tan49@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey. 3. Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty of Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The present study compared behavioral and molecular indicators of hippocampal function in L-thyroxine treated rats to determine whether thyroid hormone excessiveness produces relatively stable lifelong changes. METHODS: Hyperthyroidism was induced in rats by daily injections of L-thyroxine (0.2 mg/kg) to their dams for lactation period (MOH: maternal-onset hyperthyroidism) or to the rats itself during the young adult period (AOH: adult-onset hyperthyroidism; between the day 39-60). Spatial learning was assessed in the Morris Water Maze (MWM). Levels of type 2 and type 3 deiodinases, Erk1/2, JNK and P38MAPK were assessed via western blotting in the hippocampus of trained rats. Measurements were all done in rats aged 60-66 days. RESULTS: In MWM, maternally treated rats with L-thyroxine swam more away from the hidden platform, with showing more anxiety-like behavior, as compared to the rats treated or no treated with L-thyroxine in young adulthood. In spite of impaired acquisition, MOH group was not significantly different from the other groups in probe trial. In Western blot of the hippocampus, a decreased the expression of P38MAPK was found in rats treated with L-thyroxine in young adulthood period. However, maternal treatment with L-thyroxine resulted in an increased expression of Type 2 deiodinase and a tendency toward decreased expression of total and phosphorylated ERK1/2. No detectable band for type 3 deiodinase, p-JNK and p-P38MAPK was observed in all three groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that perinatal excessiveness of thyroid hormone has longstanding effects on hippocampal function and may account for memory problems experienced by adolescents with lactational hyperthyroidism.
BACKGROUND: The present study compared behavioral and molecular indicators of hippocampal function in L-thyroxine treated rats to determine whether thyroid hormone excessiveness produces relatively stable lifelong changes. METHODS:Hyperthyroidism was induced in rats by daily injections of L-thyroxine (0.2 mg/kg) to their dams for lactation period (MOH: maternal-onset hyperthyroidism) or to the rats itself during the young adult period (AOH: adult-onset hyperthyroidism; between the day 39-60). Spatial learning was assessed in the Morris Water Maze (MWM). Levels of type 2 and type 3 deiodinases, Erk1/2, JNK and P38MAPK were assessed via western blotting in the hippocampus of trained rats. Measurements were all done in rats aged 60-66 days. RESULTS: In MWM, maternally treated rats with L-thyroxine swam more away from the hidden platform, with showing more anxiety-like behavior, as compared to the rats treated or no treated with L-thyroxine in young adulthood. In spite of impaired acquisition, MOH group was not significantly different from the other groups in probe trial. In Western blot of the hippocampus, a decreased the expression of P38MAPK was found in rats treated with L-thyroxine in young adulthood period. However, maternal treatment with L-thyroxine resulted in an increased expression of Type 2 deiodinase and a tendency toward decreased expression of total and phosphorylated ERK1/2. No detectable band for type 3 deiodinase, p-JNK and p-P38MAPK was observed in all three groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that perinatal excessiveness of thyroid hormone has longstanding effects on hippocampal function and may account for memory problems experienced by adolescents with lactational hyperthyroidism.
Entities:
Keywords:
Hippocampus; Lactational hyperthyroidism; Learning and memory; Morris water maze