Determination of the Shear Modulus of Pine Wood with the Arcan Test and Digital Image Correlation.

Arcan shear tests with digital image correlation were used to evaluate the shear modulus and shear stress-strain diagrams in the plane defined by two principal axes of the material orthotropy. Two different orientation of the grain direction as compared to the direction of the shear force in specimens were considered: perpendicular and parallel shear. Two different ways were used to obtain the elastic properties based on the digital image correlation (DIC) results from the full-field measurement and from the virtual strain gauges with the linear strains: perpendicular to each other and directed at the angle of π/4 to the shearing load. In addition, the own continuum structural model for the failure analysis in the experimental tests was used. Constitutive relationships of the model were established in the framework of the mathematical multi-surface elastoplasticity for the plane stress state. The numerical simulations done by the finite element program after implementation of the model demonstrated the failure mechanisms from the experimental tests.