Sofia Navarro-Espinoza1, Aracely Angulo-Molina2,3, Diana Meza-Figueroa1, Guillermo López-Cervantes4, Mercedes Meza-Montenegro5, Aurora Armienta6, Diego Soto-Puebla3, Erika Silva-Campa3, Alexel Burgara-Estrella3, Osiris Álvarez-Bajo3,7, Martín Pedroza-Montero3. 1. Department of Geology, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. 2. Department of Physics Research, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. 3. Department of Biological Chemical Sciences, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. 4. Department of Medicine, University of Sonora, Rosales and Encinas, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. 5. Department of Natural Resources, Sonora Technological Institute, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Obregon City 85000, Sonora, Mexico. 6. Institute of Geophysics, National Autonomous University of Mexico-UNAM, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. 7. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología CONACyT, Insurgentes 1582, Benito Juárez 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Reports in a northwestern Mexico state linked arsenic (As) in drinking water to DNA damage in people from indigenous communities. However, this correlation remains under discussion due to unknown variables related to nutrition, customs, and the potential presence of other metal(oid)s. METHODS: To determine this association, we sampled water from three Yaqui towns (Cócorit, Vícam, and Pótam), and analyzed the metals by ICP-OES. We exposed four separate groups, with five male CD-1 mice each, to provide further insight into the potential effects of untreated drinking water. RESULTS: The maximum concentrations of each metal(oid) in µg·L-1 were Sr(819) > Zn(135) > As(75) > Ba(57) > Mo(56) > Cu(17) > Al(14) > Mn(12) > Se(19). Histological studies revealed brain cells with angulation, satellitosis, and reactive gliosis with significant statistical correlation with Mn and As. Furthermore, the liver cells presented hepatocellular degeneration. Despite the early response, there is no occurrence of both statistical and significative changes in hematological parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results provide experimental insights to understand the potential effects of untreated water with low As and Mn contents in murine models. This fact is noteworthy because of the development of histological changes on both the brain and liver at subchronic exposure.
BACKGROUND: Reports in a northwestern Mexico state linked arsenic (As) in drinking water to DNA damage in people from indigenous communities. However, this correlation remains under discussion due to unknown variables related to nutrition, customs, and the potential presence of other metal(oid)s. METHODS: To determine this association, we sampled water from three Yaqui towns (Cócorit, Vícam, and Pótam), and analyzed the metals by ICP-OES. We exposed four separate groups, with five male CD-1mice each, to provide further insight into the potential effects of untreated drinking water. RESULTS: The maximum concentrations of each metal(oid) in µg·L-1 were Sr(819) > Zn(135) > As(75) > Ba(57) > Mo(56) > Cu(17) > Al(14) > Mn(12) > Se(19). Histological studies revealed brain cells with angulation, satellitosis, and reactive gliosis with significant statistical correlation with Mn and As. Furthermore, the liver cells presented hepatocellular degeneration. Despite the early response, there is no occurrence of both statistical and significative changes in hematological parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results provide experimental insights to understand the potential effects of untreated water with low As and Mn contents in murine models. This fact is noteworthy because of the development of histological changes on both the brain and liver at subchronic exposure.
Entities:
Keywords:
arsenic; drinking water; indigenous towns; manganese; murine model
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