Syed Muhammad Tahir Shah1, Yasar Mehmood Yousafzai2, Najma Baseer3. 1. Gajju Khan Medical College Swabi, Pakistan. 2. Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University. 3. Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar Pakistan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This project aimed at determining time-dependent ultrastructural and haematological changes taking place in blood stored in local blood banks of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. METHODS: It was a longitudinal study with repeated measures design. Twenty healthy blood donors participated in this study. An amount of 250ml blood was collected from each donor and stored in Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine-1 (CPDA-1)- containing blood bags. Within first four hours, baseline samples were taken while subsequent samples were obtained at 5 days interval till day 20th. Structural changes in RBCs were observed under light and scanning electron microscope (SEM) at different intervals. Furthermore, haematological parameters and osmotic fragility were also determined. RESULTS: Remarkable alterations were seen in RBCs morphology. From 5th day onwards, multiple visible spicules were observed on the RBC's outer membrane and more than 2/3rd cells were abnormal at day 20. There was a significant reduction in RBCs count and haemoglobin concentration while the remaining parameters remained unchanged. Osmotic fragility increased significantly over time, with <1% haemolysis noted in baseline samples as compared to 2.4% haemolysis on day 20th (p≤0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged storage of blood results in distorted RBCs morphology and increased fragility. Transfusion of such cells would potentially result in rapid lysis in patients with hepatosplenomegaly and conditions requiring multiple blood transfusions.
OBJECTIVE: This project aimed at determining time-dependent ultrastructural and haematological changes taking place in blood stored in local blood banks of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. METHODS: It was a longitudinal study with repeated measures design. Twenty healthy blood donors participated in this study. An amount of 250ml blood was collected from each donor and stored in Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine-1 (CPDA-1)- containing blood bags. Within first four hours, baseline samples were taken while subsequent samples were obtained at 5 days interval till day 20th. Structural changes in RBCs were observed under light and scanning electron microscope (SEM) at different intervals. Furthermore, haematological parameters and osmotic fragility were also determined. RESULTS: Remarkable alterations were seen in RBCs morphology. From 5th day onwards, multiple visible spicules were observed on the RBC's outer membrane and more than 2/3rd cells were abnormal at day 20. There was a significant reduction in RBCs count and haemoglobin concentration while the remaining parameters remained unchanged. Osmotic fragility increased significantly over time, with <1% haemolysis noted in baseline samples as compared to 2.4% haemolysis on day 20th (p≤0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged storage of blood results in distorted RBCs morphology and increased fragility. Transfusion of such cells would potentially result in rapid lysis in patients with hepatosplenomegaly and conditions requiring multiple blood transfusions.
Entities:
Keywords:
Red cells storage, scanning electron microscope, osmotic fragility, Transfusion, Blood storage, hemoglobin.zzm321990
Authors: Usman Naeem; Najma Baseer; Muhammad Tariq Masood Khan; Muhammad Hassan; Muhammad Haris; Yasar Mehmood Yousafzai Journal: Am J Blood Res Date: 2021-12-15