Kirstine K Søgaard1,2, Veronika Baettig3, Michael Osthoff4,5, Stephan Marsch6, Karoline Leuzinger7, Michael Schweitzer8,9, Julian Meier9,10, Stefano Bassetti4,5, Roland Bingisser11, Christian H Nickel11, Nina Khanna3, Sarah Tschudin-Sutter3,5, Maja Weisser3, Manuel Battegay3, Hans H Hirsch3,7,12, Hans Pargger6, Martin Siegemund5,6, Adrian Egli13,14. 1. Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. KirstineKobberoee.Soegaard@usb.ch. 2. Department of Biomedicine, Applied Microbiology Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. KirstineKobberoee.Soegaard@usb.ch. 3. Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 4. Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 5. Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 6. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 7. Clinical Virology, Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 8. Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. 9. Department of Biomedicine, Applied Microbiology Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 10. Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 11. Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 12. Transplantation & Clinical Virology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 13. Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. Adrian.Egli@usb.ch. 14. Department of Biomedicine, Applied Microbiology Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Adrian.Egli@usb.ch.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: SARS-CoV-2 may cause acute lung injury, and secondary infections are thus relevant complications in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. However, detailed information on community- and hospital-acquired infections among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia is scarce. METHODS: We identified 220 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients hospitalized at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland (between 25 February and 31 May 2020). We excluded patients who declined the general consent (n = 12), patients without clinical evidence of pneumonia (n = 29), and patients hospitalized for < 24 h (n = 17). We evaluated the frequency of community- and hospital-acquired infections using respiratory and blood culture materials with antigen, culture-based, and molecular diagnostics. For ICU patients, all clinical and microbial findings were re-evaluated interdisciplinary (intensive care, infectious disease, and clinical microbiology), and agreement reached to classify patients with infections. RESULTS: In the final cohort of 162 hospitalized patients (median age 64.4 years (IQR, 50.4-74.2); 61.1% male), 41 (25.3%) patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, 34/41 (82.9%) required mechanical ventilation, and 17 (10.5%) of all hospitalized patients died. In total, 31 infections were diagnosed including five viral co-infections, 24 bacterial infections, and three fungal infections (ventilator-associated pneumonia, n = 5; tracheobronchitis, n = 13; pneumonia, n = 1; and bloodstream infection, n = 6). Median time to respiratory tract infection was 12.5 days (IQR, 8-18) and time to bloodstream infection 14 days (IQR, 6-30). Hospital-acquired bacterial and fungal infections were more frequent among ICU patients than other patients (36.6% vs. 1.7%). Antibiotic or antifungal treatment was administered in 71 (43.8%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Community-acquired viral and bacterial infections were rare among COVID-19 pneumonia patients. By contrast, hospital-acquired bacterial or fungal infections were frequently complicating the course among ICU patients.
OBJECTIVES:SARS-CoV-2 may cause acute lung injury, and secondary infections are thus relevant complications in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. However, detailed information on community- and hospital-acquired infections among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia is scarce. METHODS: We identified 220 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients hospitalized at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland (between 25 February and 31 May 2020). We excluded patients who declined the general consent (n = 12), patients without clinical evidence of pneumonia (n = 29), and patients hospitalized for < 24 h (n = 17). We evaluated the frequency of community- and hospital-acquired infections using respiratory and blood culture materials with antigen, culture-based, and molecular diagnostics. For ICU patients, all clinical and microbial findings were re-evaluated interdisciplinary (intensive care, infectious disease, and clinical microbiology), and agreement reached to classify patients with infections. RESULTS: In the final cohort of 162 hospitalized patients (median age 64.4 years (IQR, 50.4-74.2); 61.1% male), 41 (25.3%) patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, 34/41 (82.9%) required mechanical ventilation, and 17 (10.5%) of all hospitalized patientsdied. In total, 31 infections were diagnosed including five viral co-infections, 24 bacterial infections, and three fungal infections (ventilator-associated pneumonia, n = 5; tracheobronchitis, n = 13; pneumonia, n = 1; and bloodstream infection, n = 6). Median time to respiratory tract infection was 12.5 days (IQR, 8-18) and time to bloodstream infection 14 days (IQR, 6-30). Hospital-acquired bacterial and fungal infections were more frequent among ICU patients than other patients (36.6% vs. 1.7%). Antibiotic or antifungal treatment was administered in 71 (43.8%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Community-acquired viral and bacterial infections were rare among COVID-19 pneumoniapatients. By contrast, hospital-acquired bacterial or fungal infections were frequently complicating the course among ICU patients.
Authors: Alexandra Tsitsiklis; Beth Zha; Ashley Byrne; Catherine DeVoe; Sophia Levan; Elze Rackaityte; Sara Sunshine; Eran Mick; Rajani Ghale; Alejandra Jauregui; Norma Neff; Aartik Sarma; Paula Serpa; Thomas Deiss; Amy Kistler; Sidney Carrillo; K Mark Ansel; Aleksandra Leligdowicz; Stephanie Christenson; Norman Jones; Bing Wu; Spyros Darmanis; Michael Matthay; Susan Lynch; Joseph DeRisi; Comet Consortium; Carolyn Hendrickson; Kirsten Kangelaris; Matthew Krummel; Prescott Woodruff; David Erle; Oren Rosenberg; Carolyn Calfee; Charles Langelier Journal: Res Sq Date: 2021-04-23
Authors: Mario Karolyi; Erich Pawelka; Julian Hind; Sebastian Baumgartner; Emanuela Friese; Wolfgang Hoepler; Stephanie Neuhold; Sara Omid; Tamara Seitz; Marianna T Traugott; Christoph Wenisch; Alexander Zoufaly Journal: Wien Klin Wochenschr Date: 2021-12-09 Impact factor: 2.275
Authors: Denise Battaglini; Chiara Robba; Andrea Fedele; Sebastian Trancǎ; Samir Giuseppe Sukkar; Vincenzo Di Pilato; Matteo Bassetti; Daniele Roberto Giacobbe; Antonio Vena; Nicolò Patroniti; Lorenzo Ball; Iole Brunetti; Antoni Torres Martí; Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco; Paolo Pelosi Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) Date: 2021-06-04
Authors: C Gudiol; X Durà-Miralles; J Aguilar-Company; P Hernández-Jiménez; M Martínez-Cutillas; F Fernandez-Avilés; M Machado; L Vázquez; P Martín-Dávila; N de Castro; E Abdala; L Sorli; T M Andermann; I Márquez-Gómez; H Morales; F Gabilán; C M Ayaz; B Kayaaslan; M Aguilar-Guisado; F Herrera; C Royo-Cebrecos; M Peghin; C González-Rico; J Goikoetxea; C Salgueira; A Silva-Pinto; B Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez; S Cuellar; G Haidar; C Maluquer; M Marin; N Pallarès; J Carratalà Journal: J Infect Date: 2021-07-22 Impact factor: 38.637