Muhammed Emin Düz1, Aydın Balcı2, Elif Menekşe1. 1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Training and Research Hospital, Amasya, Turkey. 2. Department of Chest Diseases, Afyonkarahisar University Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a fatal and pandemic disease discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, with lots of asymptomatic cases and a long incubation period. The researchers suggested that high d-dimer levels could predict disease severity, lung complications, and thromboembolic events before they occur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using the keywords "D-dimer" and "coronavirus" or "D-dimer" and "COVID-19." We used Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) to build forest plots of continuous data and assess differences in serum D-dimer concentrations between severe and non-severe patients with COVID-19 disease. We evaluated p-value < 0.05 as statistically significant and preferred 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULT: The pooled results of all studies revealed that the D-dimer concentrations were significantly higher in patients with more severe COVID-19 (SMD: 2.32 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.72 3.92 μg/mL, p< 0.001). We evaluated severe patients with total D-dimer levels. D-dimer concentrations were significantly higher in severe patients against total COVID-19 patients (SMD: 2.01 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.25 to 3.77 μg/mL, p= 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: We do not know the D-dimer increment mechanism in severe patients yet, but we think that these findings will be useful in the early diagnosis of severe disease and the first treatment.
INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a fatal and pandemic disease discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, with lots of asymptomatic cases and a long incubation period. The researchers suggested that high d-dimer levels could predict disease severity, lung complications, and thromboembolic events before they occur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using the keywords "D-dimer" and "coronavirus" or "D-dimer" and "COVID-19." We used Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) to build forest plots of continuous data and assess differences in serum D-dimer concentrations between severe and non-severe patients with COVID-19 disease. We evaluated p-value < 0.05 as statistically significant and preferred 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULT: The pooled results of all studies revealed that the D-dimer concentrations were significantly higher in patients with more severe COVID-19 (SMD: 2.32 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.72 3.92 μg/mL, p< 0.001). We evaluated severe patients with total D-dimer levels. D-dimer concentrations were significantly higher in severe patients against total COVID-19 patients (SMD: 2.01 μg/mL; 95% CI, 0.25 to 3.77 μg/mL, p= 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: We do not know the D-dimer increment mechanism in severe patients yet, but we think that these findings will be useful in the early diagnosis of severe disease and the first treatment.
Authors: Griffin M Weber; Harrison G Zhang; Sehi L'Yi; Tianxi Cai; Andrew M South; Gabriel A Brat; Clara-Lea Bonzel; Chuan Hong; Paul Avillach; Alba Gutiérrez-Sacristán; Nathan P Palmer; Amelia Li Min Tan; Xuan Wang; William Yuan; Nils Gehlenborg; Anna Alloni; Danilo F Amendola; Antonio Bellasi; Riccardo Bellazzi; Michele Beraghi; Mauro Bucalo; Luca Chiovato; Kelly Cho; Arianna Dagliati; Hossein Estiri; Robert W Follett; Noelia García Barrio; David A Hanauer; Darren W Henderson; Yuk-Lam Ho; John H Holmes; Meghan R Hutch; Ramakanth Kavuluru; Katie Kirchoff; Jeffrey G Klann; Ashok K Krishnamurthy; Trang T Le; Molei Liu; Ne Hooi Will Loh; Sara Lozano-Zahonero; Yuan Luo; Sarah Maidlow; Adeline Makoudjou; Alberto Malovini; Marcelo Roberto Martins; Bertrand Moal; Michele Morris; Danielle L Mowery; Shawn N Murphy; Antoine Neuraz; Kee Yuan Ngiam; Marina P Okoshi; Gilbert S Omenn; Lav P Patel; Miguel Pedrera Jiménez; Robson A Prudente; Malarkodi Jebathilagam Samayamuthu; Fernando J Sanz Vidorreta; Emily R Schriver; Petra Schubert; Pablo Serrano Balazote; Byorn Wl Tan; Suzana E Tanni; Valentina Tibollo; Shyam Visweswaran; Kavishwar B Wagholikar; Zongqi Xia; Daniela Zöller; Isaac S Kohane Journal: J Med Internet Res Date: 2021-10-11 Impact factor: 7.076