Y X Wu1, D P Wu2, S N Chen2, H Y Qiu2, Y Han2, C X Li2, X Ma2, A N Sun2, X W Tang2, X H Hu2. 1. Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematology Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Soochow Hopes Hematology Hospital, Suzhou 215006, China. 2. Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematology Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of an early death in patients with de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) , analyze the risk factors and direct causes of early death, and perform survival analysis. Methods: The clinical data of 368 patients with de novo APL in three centers (First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow Guangci Hospital, and Soochow Hopes Hospital of Hematology) during January 2011-December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients who suffered hemorrhagic early death and non-hemorrhagic early death were compared. The risk factors for early death, survival, and prognosis of patients with APL were analyzed. Results: Among the 368 de novo APL patients, 31 died early with an early mortality rate of 8.4%. The median time from diagnosis to death was 7 (0-29) d. On comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with early death and non-early death and subsequent multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model, it was observed that age ≥50 years and WBC ≥10×10(9)/L were independent risk factors for early death (P<0.01) . A total of 27 (87.1%) of the 31 early deaths was directly attributed to hemorrhage as the immediate cause of early death. Hemorrhage was the only cause of death in patients <50 years old and the major cause of death in patients ≥50 years old. A comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with hemorrhagic early death and patients with non-hemorrhagic early death suggested that the median age and indirect bilirubin concentration of patients with hemorrhagic early death were lower than those with non-hemorrhagic early death (P<0.05) . The median follow-up time for all patients was 41.0 (0.3-101.4) months. The 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was (93.5±1.3) %, and the 5-year OS rate was (91.0±1.5) %. The 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was (98.8±0.6) %, and the 5-year DFS rate was (97.1±0.9) %. The 2-year OS rate of patients ≥50 years old and patients <50 years old was 79.3% vs 94.2%, P=0.000; the 2-year DFS rate was 92.3% vs 98.1%, P=0.023. The respective 2-year OS rates of high-risk and non-high-risk patients were 77.3% and 96.7% (P=0.000) and the respective 2-year DFS rates were 94.0% and 98.4% (P=0.139) . Conclusion: Age and WBC are independent prognostic factors for early death. We observed a difference in early mortality between high-risk and low-risk APL, but no difference in DFS rate.
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of an early death in patients with de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) , analyze the risk factors and direct causes of early death, and perform survival analysis. Methods: The clinical data of 368 patients with de novo APL in three centers (First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow Guangci Hospital, and Soochow Hopes Hospital of Hematology) during January 2011-December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients who suffered hemorrhagic early death and non-hemorrhagic early death were compared. The risk factors for early death, survival, and prognosis of patients with APL were analyzed. Results: Among the 368 de novo APLpatients, 31 died early with an early mortality rate of 8.4%. The median time from diagnosis to death was 7 (0-29) d. On comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with early death and non-early death and subsequent multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model, it was observed that age ≥50 years and WBC ≥10×10(9)/L were independent risk factors for early death (P<0.01) . A total of 27 (87.1%) of the 31 early deaths was directly attributed to hemorrhage as the immediate cause of early death. Hemorrhage was the only cause of death in patients <50 years old and the major cause of death in patients ≥50 years old. A comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with hemorrhagic early death and patients with non-hemorrhagic early death suggested that the median age and indirect bilirubin concentration of patients with hemorrhagic early death were lower than those with non-hemorrhagic early death (P<0.05) . The median follow-up time for all patients was 41.0 (0.3-101.4) months. The 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was (93.5±1.3) %, and the 5-year OS rate was (91.0±1.5) %. The 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was (98.8±0.6) %, and the 5-year DFS rate was (97.1±0.9) %. The 2-year OS rate of patients ≥50 years old and patients <50 years old was 79.3% vs 94.2%, P=0.000; the 2-year DFS rate was 92.3% vs 98.1%, P=0.023. The respective 2-year OS rates of high-risk and non-high-risk patients were 77.3% and 96.7% (P=0.000) and the respective 2-year DFS rates were 94.0% and 98.4% (P=0.139) . Conclusion: Age and WBC are independent prognostic factors for early death. We observed a difference in early mortality between high-risk and low-risk APL, but no difference in DFS rate.
Entities:
Keywords:
Early death; Elderly; High risk; Leukemia, acute, promyelocytic
2.早期死亡的危险因素:早期死亡和非早期死亡患者临床特征的比较见表1。初诊APL早期死亡患者的年龄、WBC、LDH、外周血早幼粒细胞比例均明显高于非早期死亡患者,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。对以上变量进行单因素分析,结果显示:年龄≥50岁(P=0.000)、初诊时WBC≥10×109/L(P=0.000)、LDH≥252 U/L(P=0.001)、外周血早幼粒细胞≥50%(P=0.000)是初诊APL发生早期死亡的影响因素(表2)。采用逐步Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析,结果表明,年龄≥50岁(OR=5.165,95% CI 2.203~12.110,P=0.000)、初诊时WBC≥10×109/L(OR=10.248,95%CI 4.323~24.280,P=0.000)为初诊APL患者发生早期死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.001)。
Authors: Harry Iland; Ken Bradstock; John Seymour; Mark Hertzberg; Andrew Grigg; Kerry Taylor; John Catalano; Paul Cannell; Noemi Horvath; Sandra Deveridge; Peter Browett; Tim Brighton; Li Chong; Francisca Springall; Juliet Ayling; Alberto Catalano; Shane Supple; Marnie Collins; Juliana Di Iulio; John Reynolds Journal: Haematologica Date: 2011-10-11 Impact factor: 9.941
Authors: Uwe Platzbecker; Giuseppe Avvisati; Laura Cicconi; Christian Thiede; Francesca Paoloni; Marco Vignetti; Felicetto Ferrara; Mariadomenica Divona; Francesco Albano; Fabio Efficace; Paola Fazi; Marco Sborgia; Eros Di Bona; Massimo Breccia; Erika Borlenghi; Roberto Cairoli; Alessandro Rambaldi; Lorella Melillo; Giorgio La Nasa; Walter Fiedler; Peter Brossart; Bernd Hertenstein; Helmut R Salih; Mohammed Wattad; Michael Lübbert; Christian H Brandts; Mathias Hänel; Christoph Röllig; Norbert Schmitz; Hartmut Link; Chiara Frairia; Enrico Maria Pogliani; Claudio Fozza; Alfonso Maria D'Arco; Nicola Di Renzo; Agostino Cortelezzi; Francesco Fabbiano; Konstanze Döhner; Arnold Ganser; Hartmut Döhner; Sergio Amadori; Franco Mandelli; Gerhard Ehninger; Richard F Schlenk; Francesco Lo-Coco Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2016-10-31 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Jae H Park; Baozhen Qiao; Katherine S Panageas; Maria J Schymura; Joseph G Jurcic; Todd L Rosenblat; Jessica K Altman; Dan Douer; Jacob M Rowe; Martin S Tallman Journal: Blood Date: 2011-06-08 Impact factor: 22.113
Authors: D Martínez-Cuadrón; P Montesinos; E Vellenga; T Bernal; O Salamero; A Holowiecka; S Brunet; C Gil; C Benavente; J M Ribera; M Pérez-Encinas; J De la Serna; J Esteve; V Rubio; J González-Campos; L Escoda; M E Amutio; M Arnan; J Arias; S Negri; B Lowënberg; M A Sanz Journal: Leukemia Date: 2017-06-06 Impact factor: 11.528
Authors: S Lehmann; A Ravn; L Carlsson; P Antunovic; S Deneberg; L Möllgård; A Rangert Derolf; D Stockelberg; U Tidefelt; A Wahlin; L Wennström; M Höglund; G Juliusson Journal: Leukemia Date: 2011-04-19 Impact factor: 11.528
Authors: Rafiye Ciftciler; Ibrahim Celalettin Haznedaroglu; Salih Aksu; Osman Ozcebe; Nilgun Sayınalp; Umit Yavuz Malkan; Yahya Buyukasık Journal: Open Med (Wars) Date: 2019-09-12
Authors: Eva Lengfelder; Benjamin Hanfstein; Claudia Haferlach; Jan Braess; Utz Krug; Karsten Spiekermann; Torsten Haferlach; Karl-Anton Kreuzer; Hubert Serve; Heinz A Horst; Susanne Schnittger; Carlo Aul; Beate Schultheis; Philipp Erben; Stephanie Schneider; Carsten Müller-Tidow; Bernhard Wörmann; Wolfgang E Berdel; Cristina Sauerland; Achim Heinecke; Rüdiger Hehlmann; Wolf-Karsten Hofmann; Wolfgang Hiddemann; Thomas Büchner Journal: Ann Hematol Date: 2012-10-23 Impact factor: 3.673