Parthibane Sivanantham1, Jayaprakash Sahoo2, Subitha Lakshminarayanan1, Zachariah Bobby3, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar1. 1. Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. 2. Department of Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. 3. Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Rapid urbanization and industrialization drives the rising burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) worldwide that are characterized by uptake of unhealthy lifestyle such as tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. In India, the prevalence of various NCDs and its risk factors shows wide variations across geographic regions necessitating region-specific evidence for population-based prevention and control of NCDs. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors of NCDs among adult population (18-69 years) in the Puducherry district located in Southern part of India. METHODOLOGY: We surveyed adults using the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribed STEPwise approach to NCD surveillance (STEPS) during February 2019 to February 2020. A total of 2560 individuals were selected from urban and rural areas (50 clusters in each) through multi-stage cluster random sampling method. STEPS instrument was used to assess behavioral and physical measurements. Fasting blood sample was collected to estimate biochemical risk factors (Diabetes, Hypercholesterolemia) of NCDs. RESULTS: Among men, alcohol use 40.4% (95% CI: 37.4-43.4) was almost twice higher compared to tobacco use 24.4% (95% CI: 21.7-26.9). Nearly half of the population was physically inactive 45.8% (95% CI: 43.8-47.8) and obese 46.1% (95% CI: 44-48.1). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were present among one-third 33.6% (95% CI: 31.6-35.5) and one-fourth 26.7% (95% CI: 24.1-29.1) of the population which were significantly higher among men (37.1% vs 30.8% and 31.6% vs 23.2% respectively). Physical inactivity and overweight/obesity increased with increasing education levels. Tobacco and alcohol use was more common among men, whereas physical inactivity with obesity and hypercholesterolemia was higher among women. CONCLUSION: We found high prevalence of various NCDs and its risk factors among the adult population of Puducherry district.
INTRODUCTION: Rapid urbanization and industrialization drives the rising burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) worldwide that are characterized by uptake of unhealthy lifestyle such as tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. In India, the prevalence of various NCDs and its risk factors shows wide variations across geographic regions necessitating region-specific evidence for population-based prevention and control of NCDs. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors of NCDs among adult population (18-69 years) in the Puducherry district located in Southern part of India. METHODOLOGY: We surveyed adults using the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribed STEPwise approach to NCD surveillance (STEPS) during February 2019 to February 2020. A total of 2560 individuals were selected from urban and rural areas (50 clusters in each) through multi-stage cluster random sampling method. STEPS instrument was used to assess behavioral and physical measurements. Fasting blood sample was collected to estimate biochemical risk factors (Diabetes, Hypercholesterolemia) of NCDs. RESULTS: Among men, alcohol use 40.4% (95% CI: 37.4-43.4) was almost twice higher compared to tobacco use 24.4% (95% CI: 21.7-26.9). Nearly half of the population was physically inactive 45.8% (95% CI: 43.8-47.8) and obese 46.1% (95% CI: 44-48.1). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were present among one-third 33.6% (95% CI: 31.6-35.5) and one-fourth 26.7% (95% CI: 24.1-29.1) of the population which were significantly higher among men (37.1% vs 30.8% and 31.6% vs 23.2% respectively). Physical inactivity and overweight/obesity increased with increasing education levels. Tobacco and alcohol use was more common among men, whereas physical inactivity with obesity and hypercholesterolemia was higher among women. CONCLUSION: We found high prevalence of various NCDs and its risk factors among the adult population of Puducherry district.
Authors: K R Thankappan; Bela Shah; Prashant Mathur; P S Sarma; G Srinivas; G K Mini; Meena Daivadanam; Biju Soman; Ramachandran S Vasan Journal: Indian J Med Res Date: 2010-01 Impact factor: 2.375
Authors: Kalaiselvi Selvaraj; Sitanshu Sekahr Kar; Gomathi Ramaswamy; K C Premarajan; Ganesh Kumar Saya; Vinodhkumar Kalidoss Journal: Indian J Public Health Date: 2019 Jul-Sep