Xiaojing Wang1,2, Qiang Wei1,2,3, Xingqi Wu1,2, Shanshan Cao1,2, Chen Chen1,2, Jun Zhang4, Yibing Yan1,2, Zhi Geng1,2, Yanghua Tian1,2,3, Kai Wang5,6,7. 1. Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China. 2. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230032, China. 3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, 230032, China. 4. Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China. 5. Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China. wangkai1964@126.com. 6. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230032, China. wangkai1964@126.com. 7. Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, 230032, China. wangkai1964@126.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel and noninvasive technique for the quantitative assessment of retinal microvascular perfusion. Since the retinal and cerebral small vessels share similar embryological origins, anatomical features, and physiological properties, altered retinal microvasculature might provide a new perspective on the mechanisms of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate retinal vessel density (VD) in patients with CSVD using OCTA and identify associations with cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers and cognitive function. METHODS: We prospectively recruited 47 CSVD patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) to participate in the study. All participants underwent OCTA to evaluate retinal microvascular perfusion. The VDs of the macular region in the superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP), deep retinal capillary plexus (DRCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were determined, along with the VD of the optic nerve head (ONH) in the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network. Additionally, cerebral MRI and cognitive function tests were performed. RESULTS: In the macula area, the VD of the CSVD patients was significantly lower than HCs in the temporal quadrant of SRCP. In the ONH area, CSVD patients had lower VD than HCs in the peripapillary RPC network. According to multiple linear regression analysis, decreased VD of the macular SRCP was associated with white matter hyperintensity scores after adjustment for age, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the VD of the macular SRCP was significantly correlated with CSVD patients' cognitive function, especially global cognition, memory function, attention function, information processing, and executive function. CONCLUSION: OCTA revealed a significant decrease in retinal microvascular perfusion in CSVD patients, and retinal hypoperfusion was related to MRI markers and cognitive function, suggesting that these parameters could have potential utility as early disease biomarkers.
BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel and noninvasive technique for the quantitative assessment of retinal microvascular perfusion. Since the retinal and cerebral small vessels share similar embryological origins, anatomical features, and physiological properties, altered retinal microvasculature might provide a new perspective on the mechanisms of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate retinal vessel density (VD) in patients with CSVD using OCTA and identify associations with cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers and cognitive function. METHODS: We prospectively recruited 47 CSVD patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) to participate in the study. All participants underwent OCTA to evaluate retinal microvascular perfusion. The VDs of the macular region in the superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP), deep retinal capillary plexus (DRCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were determined, along with the VD of the optic nerve head (ONH) in the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network. Additionally, cerebral MRI and cognitive function tests were performed. RESULTS: In the macula area, the VD of the CSVD patients was significantly lower than HCs in the temporal quadrant of SRCP. In the ONH area, CSVD patients had lower VD than HCs in the peripapillary RPC network. According to multiple linear regression analysis, decreased VD of the macular SRCP was associated with white matter hyperintensity scores after adjustment for age, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the VD of the macular SRCP was significantly correlated with CSVD patients' cognitive function, especially global cognition, memory function, attention function, information processing, and executive function. CONCLUSION:OCTA revealed a significant decrease in retinal microvascular perfusion in CSVD patients, and retinal hypoperfusion was related to MRI markers and cognitive function, suggesting that these parameters could have potential utility as early disease biomarkers.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cerebral small vessel disease; Cognitive function; Magnetic resonance imaging; Optical coherence tomography angiography
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