Rongqun Zhai1, Haifeng Feng1, Qingli Li2, Wei Lu1, Danhua Liu3, Yongan Tian4,5, Huanfei Liu6, Ruijun Li6, Bin Zuo1, Wenxue Tang3,5,6, Hongen Xu3,6, Bei Chen1. 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. 2. Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. 3. Center for Applied Precision Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China. 4. BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. 5. Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China. 6. Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the phenotypic features and pathogenic variants of three unrelated families presenting with nonsyndromic auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). METHODS: Three recruited families that were affected by congenital deafness were clinically evaluated, including a detailed family history and audiological and radiological examination. The peripheral blood of all patients and their parents was collected for DNA extraction, and then, the exonic and flanking regions were enriched and sequenced using targeted capture and high-throughput sequencing technology. Bioinformatics analyses and the Sanger sequencing were carried out to screen and validate candidate pathogenic variants. The pathogenicity of candidate variants was evaluated by an approach that was based on the standards and guidelines for interpreting genetic variants as proposed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). RESULTS: Four patients in three families were diagnosed as nonsyndromic ANSD, and all exhibited OTOF gene mutations. Among them, two individuals in family 1 (i.e., fam 1-II-2 and fam 1-II-3) carried homozygous variants c.[2688del];[2688del] (NM_194248.3). Two individuals from family 2 (fam 2-II-1) and family 3 (fam 3-II-4) carried compound heterozygous variants c.[4960G>A];[1469C>G] and c.[2675A>G];[2977_2978del], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Three unrelated pedigrees with ANSD were caused by pathogenic variants in the OTOF gene. Five mutations were found and included c.2688del, c.2675A>G, c.2977_2978del, c.4960G>A, and c.1469C>G, of which the first two are novel and expanded mutational spectrum of the OTOF gene, thus having important implications for genetic counseling of the family.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the phenotypic features and pathogenic variants of three unrelated families presenting with nonsyndromic auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). METHODS: Three recruited families that were affected by congenital deafness were clinically evaluated, including a detailed family history and audiological and radiological examination. The peripheral blood of all patients and their parents was collected for DNA extraction, and then, the exonic and flanking regions were enriched and sequenced using targeted capture and high-throughput sequencing technology. Bioinformatics analyses and the Sanger sequencing were carried out to screen and validate candidate pathogenic variants. The pathogenicity of candidate variants was evaluated by an approach that was based on the standards and guidelines for interpreting genetic variants as proposed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). RESULTS: Four patients in three families were diagnosed as nonsyndromic ANSD, and all exhibited OTOF gene mutations. Among them, two individuals in family 1 (i.e., fam 1-II-2 and fam 1-II-3) carried homozygous variants c.[2688del];[2688del] (NM_194248.3). Two individuals from family 2 (fam 2-II-1) and family 3 (fam 3-II-4) carried compound heterozygous variants c.[4960G>A];[1469C>G] and c.[2675A>G];[2977_2978del], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Three unrelated pedigrees with ANSD were caused by pathogenic variants in the OTOF gene. Five mutations were found and included c.2688del, c.2675A>G, c.2977_2978del, c.4960G>A, and c.1469C>G, of which the first two are novel and expanded mutational spectrum of the OTOF gene, thus having important implications for genetic counseling of the family.
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