Zezhong Mou1,2, Chen Yang1,2,3, Zheyu Zhang1,2, Siqi Wu1,2, Chenyang Xu1,2, Zhang Cheng1,2, Xiyu Dai1,2, Xinan Chen1,2, Yuxi Ou1,2, Haowen Jiang1,2,3. 1. Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 2. Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 3. National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bladder carcinoma (BC) is one of the most prevalent and malignant tumors. Multiple gene signatures based on BC metabolism, especially regarding glycolysis, remain unclear. Thus, we developed a glycolysis-related gene signature to be used for BC prognosis prediction. METHODS: Transcriptomic and clinical data were divided into a training set and a validation set after they were downloaded and analyzed from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and differential analysis were used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while univariate Cox regression and lasso-penalized Cox regression were employed for signature establishment. To evaluate the prognostic power of the signature, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis were also used. Additionally, we developed a nomogram to predict patients' survival chances using the identified prognostic gene signature. Further, gene mutation and protein expression, as well as the independence of signature genes, were also analyzed. Finally, we also performed qPCR and western blot to detect the expression and potential pathways of signature genes in BC samples. RESULTS: Ten genes were selected for signature construction among 71 DEGs, including nine risk genes and one protection gene. KM survival analysis revealed that the high-risk group had poor survival and the low-risk group had increased survival. ROC curve analysis and the nomogram validated the accurate prediction of survival using a gene signature composed of 10 glycolysis-related genes. Western blot and qPCR analysis demonstrated that the expression trend of signature genes was basically consistent with previous results. These 10 glycolysis-related genes were independent and suitable for a signature. CONCLUSION: Our current study indicated that we successfully built and validated a novel 10-gene glycolysis-related signature for BC prognosis.
BACKGROUND: Bladder carcinoma (BC) is one of the most prevalent and malignant tumors. Multiple gene signatures based on BC metabolism, especially regarding glycolysis, remain unclear. Thus, we developed a glycolysis-related gene signature to be used for BC prognosis prediction. METHODS: Transcriptomic and clinical data were divided into a training set and a validation set after they were downloaded and analyzed from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and differential analysis were used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while univariate Cox regression and lasso-penalized Cox regression were employed for signature establishment. To evaluate the prognostic power of the signature, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis were also used. Additionally, we developed a nomogram to predict patients' survival chances using the identified prognostic gene signature. Further, gene mutation and protein expression, as well as the independence of signature genes, were also analyzed. Finally, we also performed qPCR and western blot to detect the expression and potential pathways of signature genes in BC samples. RESULTS: Ten genes were selected for signature construction among 71 DEGs, including nine risk genes and one protection gene. KM survival analysis revealed that the high-risk group had poor survival and the low-risk group had increased survival. ROC curve analysis and the nomogram validated the accurate prediction of survival using a gene signature composed of 10 glycolysis-related genes. Western blot and qPCR analysis demonstrated that the expression trend of signature genes was basically consistent with previous results. These 10 glycolysis-related genes were independent and suitable for a signature. CONCLUSION: Our current study indicated that we successfully built and validated a novel 10-gene glycolysis-related signature for BC prognosis.
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