David J Kinitz1, Travis Salway2,3,4, Elisabeth Dromer5,6, Dean Giustini7, Florence Ashley8, Trevor Goodyear9, Olivier Ferlatte5,6, Hannah Kia10, Alex Abramovich1,11. 1. Division of Social and Behavioural Health Sciences, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Blusson Hall 10506; 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, B.C., V5A 1S6, Canada. travis_salway@sfu.ca. 3. British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada. travis_salway@sfu.ca. 4. Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, Canada. travis_salway@sfu.ca. 5. Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada. 6. Centre de recherche en santé publique, Montreal, Canada. 7. University of British Columbia Biomedical Branch Library, Vancouver, Canada. 8. University of Toronto Faculty of Law, Toronto, Canada. 9. School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 10. School of Social Work, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 11. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression change efforts (SOGIECE) are a set of scientifically discredited practices that aim to deny and suppress the sexual orientations, gender identities, and/or gender expressions of sexual and gender minorities (SGM). SOGIECE are associated with significant adverse health and social outcomes. SOGIECE continue to be practiced around the world, despite denouncements from professional bodies and survivors, as well as calls for legislative advocacy to prohibit SOGIECE and protect SGM. There are substantial gaps in the availability of consolidated international research to support and refine legislative proposals related to SOGIECE, including those currently underway to enforce bans in Canada and elsewhere. We therefore propose the first systematic review of international data on SOGIECE that will outline the scope and nature of these practices worldwide. Specifically, we aim to estimate how many SGM have been exposed to SOGIECE, which sub-groups of SGM experience higher rates of SOGIECE, and how estimates of SOGIECE vary over time and place. In addition, we aim to describe when, where, how, and under what circumstances SGM are exposed to SOGIECE. METHODS: To locate an interdisciplinary swath of papers, nine (9) bibliographic databases will be searched: Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsycInfo and Social Work Abstracts via EBSCO, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, LGBTQ+ Source, and Proquest Dissertations & Theses Global and Sociology Collection (ProQuest). A gold standard search will be developed for Medline and adapted to the other databases. Grey literature will be searched at relevant websites, and reference harvesting will be performed in relevant SOGIECE scientific consensus statements. Two authors will independently screen abstracts/titles, screen full texts, abstract data, and apply risk of bias assessments. A narrative synthesis will be implemented to summarize findings. DISCUSSION: This review will address the gap in synthesized data regarding the prevalence of SOGIECE, social correlates of SOGIECE, variations of SOGIECE over time and place, and the circumstances, settings, and time-points of SOGIECE exposure. Findings from this review will directly inform ongoing and new legislative efforts to ban SOGIECE and other interventions that aim to stem SOGIECE practices and support SOGIECE survivors. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Registration with PROSPERO can be found under the registration number: CRD42020196393 .
BACKGROUND: Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression change efforts (SOGIECE) are a set of scientifically discredited practices that aim to deny and suppress the sexual orientations, gender identities, and/or gender expressions of sexual and gender minorities (SGM). SOGIECE are associated with significant adverse health and social outcomes. SOGIECE continue to be practiced around the world, despite denouncements from professional bodies and survivors, as well as calls for legislative advocacy to prohibit SOGIECE and protect SGM. There are substantial gaps in the availability of consolidated international research to support and refine legislative proposals related to SOGIECE, including those currently underway to enforce bans in Canada and elsewhere. We therefore propose the first systematic review of international data on SOGIECE that will outline the scope and nature of these practices worldwide. Specifically, we aim to estimate how many SGM have been exposed to SOGIECE, which sub-groups of SGM experience higher rates of SOGIECE, and how estimates of SOGIECE vary over time and place. In addition, we aim to describe when, where, how, and under what circumstances SGM are exposed to SOGIECE. METHODS: To locate an interdisciplinary swath of papers, nine (9) bibliographic databases will be searched: Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsycInfo and Social Work Abstracts via EBSCO, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, LGBTQ+ Source, and Proquest Dissertations & Theses Global and Sociology Collection (ProQuest). A gold standard search will be developed for Medline and adapted to the other databases. Grey literature will be searched at relevant websites, and reference harvesting will be performed in relevant SOGIECE scientific consensus statements. Two authors will independently screen abstracts/titles, screen full texts, abstract data, and apply risk of bias assessments. A narrative synthesis will be implemented to summarize findings. DISCUSSION: This review will address the gap in synthesized data regarding the prevalence of SOGIECE, social correlates of SOGIECE, variations of SOGIECE over time and place, and the circumstances, settings, and time-points of SOGIECE exposure. Findings from this review will directly inform ongoing and new legislative efforts to ban SOGIECE and other interventions that aim to stem SOGIECE practices and support SOGIECE survivors. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Registration with PROSPERO can be found under the registration number: CRD42020196393 .
Entities:
Keywords:
Conversion therapy; Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ); Sexual orientation and gender identity and expression change efforts; Systematic review
Authors: Steven P Meanley; Ron D Stall; Omar Dakwar; James E Egan; Mackey R Friedman; Sabina A Haberlen; Chukwuemeka Okafor; Linda A Teplin; Michael W Plankey Journal: Sex Res Social Policy Date: 2019-06-26
Authors: David Moher; Larissa Shamseer; Mike Clarke; Davina Ghersi; Alessandro Liberati; Mark Petticrew; Paul Shekelle; Lesley A Stewart Journal: Syst Rev Date: 2015-01-01