Paul Sondo1, Biebo Bihoun2, Marc Christian Tahita2, Karim Derra2, Toussaint Rouamba2, Seydou Nakanabo Diallo2,3, Adama Kazienga2, Hamidou Ilboudo2, Innocent Valea2,3, Zekiba Tarnagda2, Hermann Sorgho2, Thierry Lefèvre4,5,6, Halidou Tinto2. 1. Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé/ Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro (IRSS-URCN), Nanoro, Burkina Faso. paulsondo@yahoo.fr. 2. Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé/ Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro (IRSS-URCN), Nanoro, Burkina Faso. 3. Institut National de Santé Publique/Centre Muraz de Bobo-Dioulasso, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. 4. Laboratoire Mixte International Sur Les Vecteurs (LAMIVECT), Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. 5. MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France. 6. Centre de Recherche en Écologie Et Évolution de La Santé (CREES), Montpellier, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multi-genotype malaria infections are frequent in endemic area, and people commonly harbour several genetically distinct Plasmodium falciparum variants. The influence of genetic multiplicity and whether some specific genetic variants are more or less likely to invest into gametocyte production is not clearly understood. This study explored host and parasite-related risk factors for gametocyte carriage, and the extent to which some specific P. falciparum genetic variants are associated with gametocyte carriage. METHODS: Gametocytes and asexual forms were detected by light microscopy on thick smears collected between 2010 and 2012 in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. Merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 were genotyped by nested PCR on clinical samples. Associations between gametocyte carriage and factors, including multiplicity of infection, parasite density, patient age, gender, haemoglobin (Hb) level, and body temperature were assessed. The relationship between the presence of a particular msp1 and msp2 genetic variants and gametocyte carriage was also explored. RESULTS: Of the 724 samples positive to P. falciparum and successfully genotyped, gametocytes were found in 48 samples (6.63%). There was no effect of patient gender, age and body temperature on gametocyte carriage. However, the probability of gametocyte carriage significantly increased with increasing values of multiplicity of infection (MOI). Furthermore, there was a negative association between parasite density and gametocyte carriage. MOI decreased with parasite density in gametocyte-negative patients, but increased in gametocyte carriers. The probability of gametocyte carriage decreased with Hb level. Finally, the genetic composition of the infection influenced gametocyte carriage. In particular, the presence of RO33 increased the odds of developing gametocytes by 2 while the other allelic families K1, MAD20, FC27, and 3D7 had no significant impact on the occurrence of gametocytes in infected patients. CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into potential factors influencing gametocyte production in symptomatic patients. The findings contribute to enhance understanding of risk factors associated with gametocyte carriage in humans. Trial registration NCT01232530.
BACKGROUND: Multi-genotype malaria infections are frequent in endemic area, and people commonly harbour several genetically distinct Plasmodium falciparum variants. The influence of genetic multiplicity and whether some specific genetic variants are more or less likely to invest into gametocyte production is not clearly understood. This study explored host and parasite-related risk factors for gametocyte carriage, and the extent to which some specific P. falciparum genetic variants are associated with gametocyte carriage. METHODS: Gametocytes and asexual forms were detected by light microscopy on thick smears collected between 2010 and 2012 in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. Merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 were genotyped by nested PCR on clinical samples. Associations between gametocyte carriage and factors, including multiplicity of infection, parasite density, patient age, gender, haemoglobin (Hb) level, and body temperature were assessed. The relationship between the presence of a particular msp1 and msp2 genetic variants and gametocyte carriage was also explored. RESULTS: Of the 724 samples positive to P. falciparum and successfully genotyped, gametocytes were found in 48 samples (6.63%). There was no effect of patient gender, age and body temperature on gametocyte carriage. However, the probability of gametocyte carriage significantly increased with increasing values of multiplicity of infection (MOI). Furthermore, there was a negative association between parasite density and gametocyte carriage. MOI decreased with parasite density in gametocyte-negative patients, but increased in gametocyte carriers. The probability of gametocyte carriage decreased with Hb level. Finally, the genetic composition of the infection influenced gametocyte carriage. In particular, the presence of RO33 increased the odds of developing gametocytes by 2 while the other allelic families K1, MAD20, FC27, and 3D7 had no significant impact on the occurrence of gametocytes in infectedpatients. CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into potential factors influencing gametocyte production in symptomatic patients. The findings contribute to enhance understanding of risk factors associated with gametocyte carriage in humans. Trial registration NCT01232530.
Entities:
Keywords:
Gametocyte; Malaria; Multiplicity of infection; Plasmodium falciparum; msp1; msp2
Authors: L Konaté; J Zwetyenga; C Rogier; E Bischoff; D Fontenille; A Tall; A Spiegel; J F Trape; O Mercereau-Puijalon Journal: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg Date: 1999-02 Impact factor: 2.184