Massimiliano Trenti1, Silvia Lorenzi2, Pier Luigi Bianchedi3, Daniele Grossi4, Osvaldo Failla4, Maria Stella Grando5,6, Francesco Emanuelli2,4. 1. Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. massimiliano.trenti@fmach.it. 2. Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. 3. Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. 4. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy. 5. Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. stella.grando@unitn.it. 6. Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. stella.grando@unitn.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Understanding the complexity of the vine plant's response to water deficit represents a major challenge for sustainable winegrowing. Regulation of water use requires a coordinated action between scions and rootstocks on which cultivars are generally grafted to cope with phylloxera infestations. In this regard, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was applied on an 'ad hoc' association mapping panel including different Vitis species, in order to dissect the genetic basis of transpiration-related traits and to identify genomic regions of grape rootstocks associated with drought tolerance mechanisms. The panel was genotyped with the GrapeReSeq Illumina 20 K SNP array and SSR markers, and infrared thermography was applied to estimate stomatal conductance values during progressive water deficit. RESULTS: In the association panel the level of genetic diversity was substantially lower for SNPs loci (0.32) than for SSR (0.87). GWAS detected 24 significant marker-trait associations along the various stages of drought-stress experiment and 13 candidate genes with a feasible role in drought response were identified. Gene expression analysis proved that three of these genes (VIT_13s0019g03040, VIT_17s0000g08960, VIT_18s0001g15390) were actually induced by drought stress. Genetic variation of VIT_17s0000g08960 coding for a raffinose synthase was further investigated by resequencing the gene of 85 individuals since a SNP located in the region (chr17_10,497,222_C_T) was significantly associated with stomatal conductance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results represent a step forward towards the dissection of genetic basis that modulate the response to water deprivation in grape rootstocks. The knowledge derived from this study may be useful to exploit genotypic and phenotypic diversity in practical applications and to assist further investigations.
BACKGROUND: Understanding the complexity of the vine plant's response to water deficit represents a major challenge for sustainable winegrowing. Regulation of water use requires a coordinated action between scions and rootstocks on which cultivars are generally grafted to cope with phylloxera infestations. In this regard, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was applied on an 'ad hoc' association mapping panel including different Vitis species, in order to dissect the genetic basis of transpiration-related traits and to identify genomic regions of grape rootstocks associated with drought tolerance mechanisms. The panel was genotyped with the GrapeReSeq Illumina 20 K SNP array and SSR markers, and infrared thermography was applied to estimate stomatal conductance values during progressive water deficit. RESULTS: In the association panel the level of genetic diversity was substantially lower for SNPs loci (0.32) than for SSR (0.87). GWAS detected 24 significant marker-trait associations along the various stages of drought-stress experiment and 13 candidate genes with a feasible role in drought response were identified. Gene expression analysis proved that three of these genes (VIT_13s0019g03040, VIT_17s0000g08960, VIT_18s0001g15390) were actually induced by drought stress. Genetic variation of VIT_17s0000g08960 coding for a raffinose synthase was further investigated by resequencing the gene of 85 individuals since a SNP located in the region (chr17_10,497,222_C_T) was significantly associated with stomatal conductance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results represent a step forward towards the dissection of genetic basis that modulate the response to water deprivation in grape rootstocks. The knowledge derived from this study may be useful to exploit genotypic and phenotypic diversity in practical applications and to assist further investigations.
Entities:
Keywords:
Candidate gene; Drought stress; Genome-wide association study; Grapevine; Rootstocks
Authors: Lee Hannah; Patrick R Roehrdanz; Makihiko Ikegami; Anderson V Shepard; M Rebecca Shaw; Gary Tabor; Lu Zhi; Pablo A Marquet; Robert J Hijmans Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2013-04-08 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Christos Kissoudis; Clemens van de Wiel; Richard G F Visser; Gerard van der Linden Journal: Front Plant Sci Date: 2014-05-19 Impact factor: 5.753