Amr Fouda1, Ahmed M Eid1, Albaraa Elsaied1, Ehab F El-Belely1, Mohammed G Barghoth1, Ehab Azab2,3, Adil A Gobouri4, Saad El-Din Hassan1. 1. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt. 2. Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia. 3. Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Sharkia, Egypt. 4. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
In this study, 15 bacterial endophytes linked with the leaves of the native medicinal plant Pulicaria incisa were isolated and identified as Agrobacterium fabrum, Acinetobacter radioresistant, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus barengoltzii, and Burkholderia cepacia. These isolates exhibited variant tolerances to salt stress and showed high efficacy in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in the absence/presence of tryptophan. The maximum productivity of IAA was recorded for B. cereus BI-8 and B. subtilis BI-10 with values of 117 ± 6 and 108 ± 4.6 μg mL-1, respectively, in the presence of 5 mg mL-1 tryptophan after 10 days. These two isolates had a high potential in phosphate solubilization and ammonia production, and they showed enzymatic activities for amylase, protease, xylanase, cellulase, chitinase, and catalase. In vitro antagonistic investigation showed their high efficacy against the three phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, and Pythium ultimum, with inhibition percentages ranging from 20% ± 0.2% to 52.6% ± 0.2% (p ≤ 0.05). Therefore, these two endophytic bacteria were used as bio-inoculants for maize seeds, and the results showed that bacterial inoculations significantly increased the root length as well as the fresh and dry weights of the roots compared to the control plants. The Zea mays plant inoculated with the two endophytic strains BI-8 and BI-10 significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05) the growth performance as well as the nutrient uptake compared with an un-inoculated plant.
In this study, 15 bacterial endophytes linked with the leaves of the native medicinal plant Pulicaria incisa were isolated and identified as n>an class="Species">Agrobacterium fabrum, Acinetobacter radioresistant, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis,Paenibacillus barengoltzii, and Burkholderia cepacia. These isolates exhibited variant tolerances to saltstress and showed high efficacy in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in the absence/presence of tryptophan. The maximum productivity of IAA was recorded for B. cereus BI-8 and B. subtilis BI-10 with values of 117 ± 6 and 108 ± 4.6 μg mL-1, respectively, in the presence of 5 mg mL-1tryptophan after 10 days. These two isolates had a high potential in phosphate solubilization and ammonia production, and they showed enzymatic activities for amylase, protease, xylanase, cellulase, chitinase, and catalase. In vitro antagonistic investigation showed their high efficacy against the three phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, and Pythium ultimum, with inhibition percentages ranging from 20% ± 0.2% to 52.6% ± 0.2% (p ≤ 0.05). Therefore, these two endophytic bacteria were used as bio-inoculants for maize seeds, and the results showed that bacterial inoculations significantly increased the root length as well as the fresh and dry weights of the roots compared to the control plants. The Zea mays plant inoculated with the two endophytic strains BI-8 and BI-10 significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05) the growth performance as well as the nutrient uptake compared with an un-inoculated plant.
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Authors: Ahmed M Eid; Amr Fouda; Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman; Salem S Salem; Albaraa Elsaied; Ralf Oelmüller; Mohamed Hijri; Arnab Bhowmik; Amr Elkelish; Saad El-Din Hassan Journal: Plants (Basel) Date: 2021-05-07