Bhola Nath1, Shiv Dutt Gupta2, Ranjeeta Kumari3. 1. Department of Community & Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bhatinda, Punjab, India. Electronic address: bholanath2001@gmail.com. 2. Department of Epidemiology, IIHMR, Prabhudayal Marg, Sanganer, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 3. Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Electronic address: rkaiims2012@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The objective of present study was to estimate and compare the direct cost between diabetics and age and gender matched non-diabetics. It also aimed to estimate and compare the effect of various comorbidities on direct cost between cases and controls, while simultaneously trying to determine the predictors of direct cost among T2DM patients. METHODS: A hospital-based pair matched case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Garhwal division of Uttarakhand, India to accomplish the objectives of study. Regression analysis was applied to determine the predictors of direct cost among diabetics. RESULTS: Mean annual direct cost among diabetics was estimated to be US$ 104.6 (Indian Rupees (INR) 7338.9)) in comparison to US$ 27.8 (INR 1905.8) among non-diabetics. The total cost among cases was significantly higher than controls, if they had comorbidities from CVS, nervous, ophthalmic, respiratory and musculoskeletal system. Gender, education, duration of diabetes and number of comorbidities were significant predictors in estimating the direct cost among cases. For each one-year increase in duration of diabetes, direct cost increased by 13.1 unit. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides us conclusive evidence of significantly higher expenditure among diabetics in comparison to non-diabetics. An effect on direct cost among diabetics was observed with types and increasing number of comorbidities.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The objective of present study was to estimate and compare the direct cost between diabetics and age and gender matched non-diabetics. It also aimed to estimate and compare the effect of various comorbidities on direct cost between cases and controls, while simultaneously trying to determine the predictors of direct cost among T2DM patients. METHODS: A hospital-based pair matched case-control study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Garhwal division of Uttarakhand, India to accomplish the objectives of study. Regression analysis was applied to determine the predictors of direct cost among diabetics. RESULTS: Mean annual direct cost among diabetics was estimated to be US$ 104.6 (Indian Rupees (INR) 7338.9)) in comparison to US$ 27.8 (INR 1905.8) among non-diabetics. The total cost among cases was significantly higher than controls, if they had comorbidities from CVS, nervous, ophthalmic, respiratory and musculoskeletal system. Gender, education, duration of diabetes and number of comorbidities were significant predictors in estimating the direct cost among cases. For each one-year increase in duration of diabetes, direct cost increased by 13.1 unit. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides us conclusive evidence of significantly higher expenditure among diabetics in comparison to non-diabetics. An effect on direct cost among diabetics was observed with types and increasing number of comorbidities.