Lijun Zhao1,2, Honghong Ren1, Rui Zhang1, Tingli Wang1, Yutong Zou1, Huan Xu3, Lin Li3, Mark E Cooper4, Fang Liu5. 1. Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. 2. Division of General Practice, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. 3. Division of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. 4. Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. 5. Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. liufangfh@163.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The older population has increased sharply in China. However, renal clinical and histopathological data in this population are lacking. This study investigated the clinicopathologic features and the related risk factors for long-term renal survival in older patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS: In this retrospective observational study, 74 older patients (≥ 60 years old) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and biopsy-proven DN from 2007 to 2019 were included. Clinical data were extracted from electronic records. Renal biopsy specimens were semiquantitatively evaluated using the Renal Pathology Society (RPS) classification system. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 22 months, 24 (32%) older patients progressed to ESRD. Older patients who progressed to ESRD had poorer renal function, lower hemoglobin and albumin concentrations, more severe glomerular lesions, and higher percentages of Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions than those who did not progress to ESRD. After adjusting for age, sex, baseline renal function, and pathological parameters, multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that RPS glomerular classification (HR 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-6.04), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-0.99), and proteinuria (HR 3.85, 95% CI 1.44-10.27) were independent risk factors for progression to ESRD. CONCLUSION: Lower eGFR, heavier proteinuria, and more severe RPS glomerular lesions were associated with ESRD in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and DN.
PURPOSE: The older population has increased sharply in China. However, renal clinical and histopathological data in this population are lacking. This study investigated the clinicopathologic features and the related risk factors for long-term renal survival in older patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS: In this retrospective observational study, 74 older patients (≥ 60 years old) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and biopsy-proven DN from 2007 to 2019 were included. Clinical data were extracted from electronic records. Renal biopsy specimens were semiquantitatively evaluated using the Renal Pathology Society (RPS) classification system. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 22 months, 24 (32%) older patients progressed to ESRD. Older patients who progressed to ESRD had poorer renal function, lower hemoglobin and albumin concentrations, more severe glomerular lesions, and higher percentages of Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions than those who did not progress to ESRD. After adjusting for age, sex, baseline renal function, and pathological parameters, multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that RPS glomerular classification (HR 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-6.04), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-0.99), and proteinuria (HR 3.85, 95% CI 1.44-10.27) were independent risk factors for progression to ESRD. CONCLUSION: Lower eGFR, heavier proteinuria, and more severe RPS glomerular lesions were associated with ESRD in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and DN.
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