Chengjun Hu1,2, Yunyu Yang1, Minxia Chen1, Xiangyu Hao1, Shuqi Wang1, Linfang Yang3, Yulong Yin1,4, Chengquan Tan5. 1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. 2. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China. 3. Guangdong Yihao Foodstuffs Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. 4. National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China. 5. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China. tanchengquan@scau.edu.cn.
Abstract
PURPOSE: In our previous study, the maternal high-fat/low-fiber (HF-LF) diet was suggested to induce metabolic disorders and placental dysfunction of the dam, but the effects of this diet on glucose metabolism of neonatal offspring remain largely unknown. Here, a neonatal pig model was used to evaluate the effects of maternal HF-LF diet during pregnancy on glucose tolerance, transition of skeletal muscle fiber types, and mitochondrial function in offspring. METHODS: A total of 66 pregnant gilts (Guangdong Small-ear Spotted pig) at day 60 of gestation were randomly divided into two groups: control group (CON group; 2.86% crude fat, 9.37% crude fiber), and high-fat/low-fiber diet group (HF-LF group; 5.99% crude fat, 4.13% crude fiber). RESULTS: The maternal HF-LF diet was shown to impair the glucose tolerance of neonatal offspring, downregulate the protein level of slow-twitch fiber myosin heavy chain I (MyHC I), and upregulate the protein levels of fast-twitch fiber myosin heavy chain IIb (MyHC IIb) and IIx (MyHC IIx) in soleus muscle. Additionally, compared with the CON group, the HF-LF offspring showed inhibition of insulin signaling pathway and decrease in mitochondrial function in liver and soleus muscle. CONCLUSION: Maternal HF-LF diet during pregnancy impairs glucose tolerance, induces the formation of glycolytic muscle fibers, and decreases the hepatic and muscular mitochondrial function in neonatal piglets.
PURPOSE: In our previous study, the maternal high-fat/low-fiber (HF-LF) diet was suggested to induce metabolic disorders and placental dysfunction of the dam, but the effects of this diet on glucose metabolism of neonatal offspring remain largely unknown. Here, a neonatal pig model was used to evaluate the effects of maternal HF-LF diet during pregnancy on glucose tolerance, transition of skeletal muscle fiber types, and mitochondrial function in offspring. METHODS: A total of 66 pregnant gilts (Guangdong Small-ear Spotted pig) at day 60 of gestation were randomly divided into two groups: control group (CON group; 2.86% crude fat, 9.37% crude fiber), and high-fat/low-fiber diet group (HF-LF group; 5.99% crude fat, 4.13% crude fiber). RESULTS: The maternal HF-LF diet was shown to impair the glucose tolerance of neonatal offspring, downregulate the protein level of slow-twitch fiber myosin heavy chain I (MyHC I), and upregulate the protein levels of fast-twitch fiber myosin heavy chain IIb (MyHC IIb) and IIx (MyHC IIx) in soleus muscle. Additionally, compared with the CON group, the HF-LF offspring showed inhibition of insulin signaling pathway and decrease in mitochondrial function in liver and soleus muscle. CONCLUSION: Maternal HF-LF diet during pregnancy impairs glucose tolerance, induces the formation of glycolytic muscle fibers, and decreases the hepatic and muscular mitochondrial function in neonatal piglets.
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