The Challenge of Implementing Digital Twins in Operating Value Chains.

The concept of digital twins has become increasingly popular in recent years. To exploit their full potential, integration of systems and data across entire value chains is required. Implementing digital twins to newly built plants or production lines is challenging and even more complicated for currently operating production processes or factories. This chapter reviews and discusses strategies and tools to successfully implement digital twins into operating value chains in bioprocess and related industries. Furthermore, the implementation is exemplified with three recent case studies.