Mohammad Juffrie1,2,3, Siti Helmyati2,3,4, Mohammad Hakimi3,5. 1. Department of Child Health, General Hospital Dr. Sardjito/Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Email: arsipjuffrie@gmail.com. 2. Center for Health and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 3. Doctorate Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,Indonesia. 4. Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nutritional anemia in Indonesian children and adolescents is generally regarded and treated as iron-deficient anemia, as it is in individuals in other age groups. OBJECTIVES: Yet, it remains a public health threat without comprehensive management or a sustained solution. METHODS: This review seeks to improve understanding of impediments to its resolution. Relevant studies reported in the past 5 years were identified in PubMed, Science Direct, Crossreff, Google Scholar, and Directory of Open Access Journals databases. RESULTS: In all, 12 studies in several Indonesian cities provided the basis for the review. Most were conducted in schools, indicating the potential of these institutions as targets for intervention but pointing to serious deficiencies in identification of the problem across the archipelago and in remote and rural areas. No study has evaluated coexistent anemia and malnutrition, which likely would have revealed the multi-factoriality of nutritional anemia. Data regarding nutrition education, food-based innovation, and supplementation, which may alleviate anemia in children and adolescents, are available, although study lengths and sample sizes have limited interpretation and comparison. CONCLUSIONS: Broadly, three intervention approaches to nutritional anemia have been undertaken, namely food-based interventions, nutrient supplementation, and nutrition education. Some progress has been made with these approaches, presumably through increases in iron intake. More information is needed regarding the underlying causality and pathogenesis, suboptimal food patterns, and comorbidities, any of which might limit the effectiveness of programs designed to resolve childhood and adolescent anemia in Indonesia.
BACKGROUND: Nutritional anemia in Indonesian children and adolescents is generally regarded and treated as iron-deficient anemia, as it is in individuals in other age groups. OBJECTIVES: Yet, it remains a public health threat without comprehensive management or a sustained solution. METHODS: This review seeks to improve understanding of impediments to its resolution. Relevant studies reported in the past 5 years were identified in PubMed, Science Direct, Crossreff, Google Scholar, and Directory of Open Access Journals databases. RESULTS: In all, 12 studies in several Indonesian cities provided the basis for the review. Most were conducted in schools, indicating the potential of these institutions as targets for intervention but pointing to serious deficiencies in identification of the problem across the archipelago and in remote and rural areas. No study has evaluated coexistent anemia and malnutrition, which likely would have revealed the multi-factoriality of nutritional anemia. Data regarding nutrition education, food-based innovation, and supplementation, which may alleviate anemia in children and adolescents, are available, although study lengths and sample sizes have limited interpretation and comparison. CONCLUSIONS: Broadly, three intervention approaches to nutritional anemia have been undertaken, namely food-based interventions, nutrient supplementation, and nutrition education. Some progress has been made with these approaches, presumably through increases in iron intake. More information is needed regarding the underlying causality and pathogenesis, suboptimal food patterns, and comorbidities, any of which might limit the effectiveness of programs designed to resolve childhood and adolescent anemia in Indonesia.
Authors: Yana Irawati; Haryoto Kusnoputranto; Umar Fahmi Achmadi; Ahmad Safrudin; Alfred Sitorus; Rifqi Risandi; Suradi Wangsamuda; Puji Budi Setia Asih; Din Syafruddin Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-02-23 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Ali Sungkar; Saptawati Bardosono; Rima Irwinda; Nurul R M Manikam; Rini Sekartini; Bernie E Medise; Sri S Nasar; Siti Helmyati; Anna Surti Ariani; Juntika Nurihsan; Emi Nurjasmi; Levina Chandra Khoe; Charisma Dilantika; Ray Wagiu Basrowi; Yvan Vandenplas Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-01-10 Impact factor: 5.717