Patricia A de León-Martínez1, Aidé Sáenz-Galindo1, Carlos A Ávila-Orta2, Adalí O Castañeda-Facio1, Marlene L Andrade-Guel2, Uriel Sierra3, German Alvarado-Tenorio2, Juan Bernal-Martínez4. 1. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Ingeniero José Cárdenas Valdez S/N, República, Saltillo, Coahuila C.P. 25280, Mexico. 2. Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, San José de los Cerritos, Apdo.140, Saltillo, Coahuila 25294, Mexico. 3. Laboratorio Nacional de Materiales Grafénicos, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo, San José de los Cerritos, Apdo.140, Saltillo, Coahuila 25294, Mexico. 4. Unidad Médica Ojo Caliente, Cañada Honda 129, Ojo de Caliente 1, Aguascalientes C.P. 20196, Mexico.
Abstract
In the present work, multiple-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were surface modified in an environmentally friendly way, using low-frequency ultrasonic energy. This type of modification was carried-out using two different types of organic acids, citric acid (CA) and oxalic acid (OA). The modification of the MWCNTs was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), where functional groups such as OH, C=O, O-C=O and COOH were detected. By means of Raman spectroscopy, an increase in carbon surface defects was found. On the other hand, using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), oxidation was evidenced on the surface of the modified MWCNT. In both Raman spectroscopy and XPS, the results indicate a greater modification when CA is used, possibly due to the fact that CA has a larger number of functional groups. MWCNT-CA showed good dispersion in methanol, while MWCNT-OA showed good stability in methanol and ethanol. Finally, a 20% removal of creatinine efficiency improvement was found with respect to the unmodified MWCNTs, while no improvement was found in the case of urea and uric acid.
In the present work, multiple-wall carbonnanotubes (MWCNTs) were surface modified in an environmentally friendly way, using low-frequency ultrasonic energy. This type of modification was carried-out using two different tyn class="Chemical">pes of organic acids, citric acid (CA) and oxalic acid (OA). The modification of the MWCNTs was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), where functional groups such as OH, C=O, O-C=O and COOH were detected. By means of Raman spectroscopy, an increase in carbon surface defects was found. On the other hand, using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), oxidation was evidenced on the surface of the modified MWCNT. In both Raman spectroscopy and XPS, the results indicate a greater modification when CA is used, possibly due to the fact that CA has a larger number of functional groups. MWCNT-CA showed good dispersion in methanol, while MWCNT-OA showed good stability in methanol and ethanol. Finally, a 20% removal of creatinine efficiency improvement was found with respect to the unmodified MWCNTs, while no improvement was found in the case of urea and uric acid.
Authors: Muhammad Irfan; Masooma Irfan; Ani Idris; Abdullah Saad Alsubaie; Khaled H Mahmoud; Noordin Mohd Yusof; Naeem Akhtar Journal: Membranes (Basel) Date: 2022-03-16