Ana Manuela de Azevedo1,2, Ana Paula Losada1, Isabel Ferreiro3, Ana Riaza3, Vanesa Losada4, Tommaso Russo5, Clara Boglione5, Sonia Vázquez1,6, María Isabel Quiroga1,6. 1. Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario S/N, 27002 Lugo, Spain. 2. Biology Department, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. 3. Stolt Sea Farm, Edificio Quercus, C/Letonia n.º 2, 15701 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 4. ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Estrada Colexio Universitario, 16, 36310 Vigo, Spain. 5. Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy. 6. Aquaculture Institute, Campus Vida, Rúa de Constantino Candeira, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Abstract
The high incidence of skeletal anomalies in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) still constitutes a bottleneck constraining its production. There are diverse commercially available products for the enrichment of live preys, but few reports of their influence on skeletogenesis in Senegalese sole. This study evaluated the presence of vertebral anomalies in postlarvae and juvenile Senegalese sole fed with Artemia spp. metanauplii enriched with four commercial products (EA, EB, EC, and ED) in a fish farm. The most frequent alterations consisted of deformations of the neural/haemal arches and spines and fusions and deformations of hypurals, epural, or parhypural. The correspondence analysis ordered fish from each age in separated semiaxis, indicating the presence of different anomaly patterns for the two sampled stages. The results showed only very light changes in the frequency of vertebral abnormalities among tested enrichment products, i.e., individuals from EC and EA lots displayed less vertebral body anomalies and/or vertebral column deviations at 31 and 105 days after hatching, respectively. The existence of a large shared malformation pattern in all the experimental groups leads to impute to the rearing conditions as the main driving factor of the onset of such group of anomalies, probably masking some dietary effect.
The high incidence of class="Disease">skeletal anomalies iclass="Chemical">nclass="Chemical">n class="Species">Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) still constitutes a bottleneck constraining its production. There are diverse commercially available products for the enrichment of live preys, but few reports of their influence on skeletogenesis in Senegalese sole. This study evaluated the presence of vertebral anomalies in postlarvae and juvenile Senegalese sole fed with Artemia spp. metanauplii enriched with four commercial products (EA, EB, EC, and ED) in a fish farm. The most frequent alterations consisted of deformations of the neural/haemal arches and spines and fusions and deformations of hypurals, epural, or parhypural. The correspondence analysis ordered fish from each age in separated semiaxis, indicating the presence of different anomaly patterns for the two sampled stages. The results showed only very light changes in the frequency of vertebral abnormalities among tested enrichment products, i.e., individuals from EC and EA lots displayed less vertebral body anomalies and/or vertebral column deviations at 31 and 105 days after hatching, respectively. The existence of a large shared malformation pattern in all the experimental groups leads to impute to the rearing conditions as the main driving factor of the onset of such group of anomalies, probably masking some dietary effect.
Authors: Ignacio Fernández; Francisco Javier Toledo-Solís; Cristina Tomás-Almenar; Ana M Larrán; Pedro Cárdaba; Luis Miguel Laguna; María Sanz Galán; José Antonio Mateo Journal: Animals (Basel) Date: 2021-02-26 Impact factor: 2.752