The complete mitochondrial genome of Spondylis buprestoides (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

Spondylis buprestoides is a major boring pest of Cerambycidae, which mainly damaging conifers and also can carry pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of S. buprestoides was determined by Illumina sequencing technology. The whole mitogenome was 15,837 bp in length with 20.05% GC content, which contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. buprestoides was closely related to Lepturinae. The sequence data of S. buprestoides could provide useful genetic information for the studies on phylogenetic and evolutionary of Cerambycidae.

Cerambycidae insects possess species richness, morphological diversity, ecological diversity, and other variable biological features, which makes the genetic evolution and classification system of this group attract extensive attention (Zhang et al. 2018; Wang et al. 2019). Spondylis buprestoides is a major boring pest of Cerambycidae, which mainly damaging conifers such as Pinus massoniana Lamb., P. tabulaeformis Carr., P. armandi Franch., etc., and also can carry pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Zhou et al. 2012). However, there are only few reports about the genetic evolution analysis of S. buprestoides. In this study, we reported the complete mitochondrial genome of S. buprestoides based on Illumina sequencing data and investigated the phylogenetic relationship by maximum-likelihood tree inference method.

The samples of S. buprestoides were collected from Minhou (119° 22′ 53′′E, 25° 51′ 17′′N), Fujian Province, China, and the voucher specimens were deposited in the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (TN-202006). The total DNA extraction from S. buprestoides by TruSeq DNA Sample Preparation kit (Vanzyme, Nanjing, China). And the purification DNA was used to construct library with 300 bp randomly interrupted fragment. The constructed library was quantified by Qubit (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA), and then was sequenced through the Illumina Hiseq2500 platform. A total of 58,949,412 clean reads were obtained after filtering by Fastp software (Chen et al. 2018). The clean reads were assembled by MtioZ and metaSPAdes software (Nurk et al. 2017). And the assembly sequence was annotated by the MITOS web server (Matthias et al. 2013) with Aristobia reticulator (GenBank accession no. MK423971) as the reference. The complete mitochondrial genome of S. buprestoides (GenBank accession no. MT826860) forms a circular structure covering 15,837 bp in length, with 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). The A + T content in the mtDNA of S. buprestoides was 79.95%, within the range from 67.1% to 80.8% of beetle mtDNA (Kim et al. 2009), and the A + T content of PCGs, tRNAs, and rRNAs was 77.59%, 79.33%, and 82.86%, respectively. The mitochondrial composition of S. buprestoides was identical to the case of other Cerambycidae.

With the aim to further reveal the phylogenetic position of S. buprestoides, the phylogenetic relationships were constructed of S. buprestoides based on the other 23 different species of Cerambycidae, which multiple aligned by MUSCLE version 3.8 (Edgar 2004), and then the Maximum-Likelihood tree was inferred by IQ-TREE version 1.6.11 (Nguyen et al. 2015) with the parameter of -bb 1000. Phylogenetic analysis results supported that S. buprestoides was in close association with Anastrangalia sequensi (Lepturinae) (Figure 1). In summary, the complete mitochondrial genome of S. buprestoides will provide useful genetic information for increasing the richness of the Cerambycidae, as well as assisting in phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of Cerambycidae.

Figure 1.

Phylogenetic relationships of Cerambycidae by maximum-likelihood tree inference method. The data contains 24 different species of Cerambycidae. Bootstrap support values are labeled near the branch.