| Literature DB >> 33364649 |
Bernardo Aguilera-Bohórquez1, Miguel Brugiatti2, Ruddy Coaquira2, Orlando Cardozo2, Erika Cantor3.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the functional outcomes of patients diagnosed with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) older than 60 years, compared with those of patients of age 40 years or younger. Methods This was a retrospective review of patients with FAI who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2010 and 2015. The patients were adults aged over 60 years with Tönnis ≤ 1 matched in a 1:1 ratio with adults aged 40 years or younger, according to the type of deformity (cam, pincer, or mixed), sex, and the date when the surgery was performed. Results Thirty-four patients were included in each group. The mean age was 30.6 ± 6.9 years and 65.6 ± 4.6 years in the control and case groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups at 1-year follow-up ( p > 0.05). In the group with older patients (case group), we observed a change in the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score from 46.3 to 22.0 in the 1 st postoperative year, while the control cases improved in the WOMAC score from 38.1 to 7.2 in relation to the preoperative stage. Conclusion In the group of patients ≤ 40 years old, a considerable change was observed in the WOMAC score without a statistical significance compared with the > 60 years group. This observation suggests that hip arthroscopy is beneficial when there is an appropriate selection of patients with FAI, regardless the age of the patient. Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).Entities:
Keywords: arthroscopy; femoroacetabular impingement; hip
Year: 2020 PMID: 33364649 PMCID: PMC7748922 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708515
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Fig. 1Flow chart of the study selection process.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of control and case groups
| Variables | ≤ 40 Years | > 60 Years |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 23 (67.6%) | 23 (67.6%) | – |
| Male | 11 (32.4%) | 11 (32.4%) | |
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean ± SD | 30.6 ± 6.9 | 65.6 ± 4.6 | – |
| Range | 18–40 | 61–76 | |
| Traction time (Min) | |||
| Mean ± SD | 59.1 ± 41.1 | 57.9 ± 29.6 | 0.55 |
| Range | 16–182 | 6–131 | |
| Laterality n (%) | |||
| Right | 19 (55.9%) | 18 (52.9%) | – |
| Left | 15 (44.1%) | 16 (47.1%) | |
| FAI, n (%) | |||
| Cam | 3 (8.8%) | 3 (8.8%) | – |
| Pincer | 4 (11.8%) | 4 (11.8%) | |
| Mixed | 27 (79.4%) | 27 (79.4%) | |
| Inguinal pain, n (%) | 27 (79.4%) | 30 (88.2%) | 0.54 |
| Pain sitting down, n (%) | 27 (79.4%) | 31 (91.2%) | 0.28 |
| Pain at entering/exiting car, n (%) | 22 (64.7%) | 27 (79.4%) | 0.17 |
Abbreviations: FAI, femoroacetabular impingement; Min, minutes; SD, standard deviation.
Results of the preoperative physical evaluation and imaging findings of the control and case groups
| Variables | ≤ 40 years | > 60 years |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Flexion | |||
| Mean ± SD | 121.1° ± 9.1° | 119.7° ± 10.9° | 0.58 |
| Range | 90°–140° | 90–135 | |
| External rotation | |||
| Mean ± SD | 49.7° ± 18.9° | 47.1° ± 17.3° | 0.45 |
| Range | 10°–80° | 20°–80° | |
| Internal rotation | |||
| Mean ± SD | 29.5° ± 20.6° | 22.4° ± 14.7° |
0.04
|
| Range | −20°–70° | −10°–45° | |
| Alpha angle | |||
| Mean ± SD | 64.4° ± 12.3° | 64.8° ± 9.4° | 0.84 |
| Range | 42°–86° | 50°–86° | |
| LCE angle | |||
| Mean ± SD | 38.8° ± 6.8° | 42.1° ± 7.3° |
0.04
|
| Range | 28°–53° | 30°–60° | |
Abbreviations: FAI, femoroacetabular impingement; LCE, lateral center-edge angle; Min, minutes; SD, standard deviation.
P -value < 0.05.
WOMAC score pre and postoperative
| WOMAC | Group | Preoperative | 1 year postoperative | ∆ Before-After | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Median (range) |
P-value
| Mean ± SD | Median (range) |
P-value
| Mean ± SD | 95% CI |
| ||
|
| ≤40 years | 8.6 ± 4.9 | 8.5 (0–18) | 0.084 | 1.8 ± 2.5 | 0.5 (0–11) |
0.006
| 6.8 ± 4.6 | −1.65–3.65 | 0.448 |
| > 60 years | 10.7 ± 5.4 | 11 (0–23) | 5.1 ± 5.2 | 3 (0–20) | 5.5 ± 5.6 | |||||
|
| ≤40 years | 3.1 ± 2.3 | 3 (0–7) | 0.850 | 0.6 ± 1.2 | 0 (0–6) |
0.000
| 2.5 ± 2.4 | 0.25–2.36 |
0.017
|
| > 60 years | 3.2 ± 2.3 | 3 (0–8) | 2.0 ± 2.0 | 2 (0–8) | 1.1 ± 2.6 | |||||
|
| ≤40 years | 26.3 ± 17.2 | 29 (0–59) | 0.114 | 4.8 ± 8.2 | 3 (0–45) |
0.001
| 21.5 ± 16.0 | −3.57–10.72 | 0.315 |
| > 60 years | 32.4 ± 19.4 | 30 (0–66) | 15.0 ± 15.1 | 10.5 (0–63) | 16.9 ± 16.7 | |||||
|
| ≤40 years | 38.1 ± 23.3 | 40.5 (0–79) | 0.112 | 7.2 ± 11.5 | 4 (0–62) |
0.001
| 30.8 ± 21.6 | −3.92–15.68 | 0.230 |
| > 60 years | 46.3 ± 25.6 | 43 (0–93) | 22.0 ± 21.4 | 17 (0–89) | 23.6 ± 22.7 | |||||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; WOMAC,.
P -value < 0.05.
Preoperative difference between groups.
1-year follow-up differences between the groups.
Change differential between both groups.
Fig. 2Change in WOMAC score from preoperatively to 1 year postoperatively.
Fig. 1Fluxograma do processo de seleção do estudo.
Características demográficas e clínicas dos grupos de casos e controles
| Variáveis | ≤ 40 Anos | > 60 Anos |
Valor de
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Sexo, n (%) | |||
| Feminino | 23 (67,6%) | 23 (67,6%) | – |
| Masculino | 11 (32,4%) | 11 (32,4%) | |
| Idade (anos) | |||
| Média ± DP | 30,6 ± 6,9 | 65,6 ± 4,6 | – |
| Variação | 18–40 | 61–76 | |
| Tempo de tração (min) | |||
| Média ± DP | 59,1 ± 41,1 | 57,9 ± 29,6 | 0,55 |
| Variação | 16–182 | 6–131 | |
| Lateralidade, n (%) | |||
| Direito | 19 (55,9%) | 18 (52,9%) | – |
| Esquerdo | 15 (44,1%) | 16 (47,1%) | |
| IFA, n (%) | |||
| Came | 3 (8,8%) | 3 (8,8%) | – |
| Pincer | 4 (11,8%) | 4 (11,8%) | |
| Misto | 27 (79,4%) | 27 (79,4%) | |
| Dor Inguinal, n (%) | 27 (79,4%) | 30 (88,2%) | 0,54 |
| Dor ao se sentar, n (%) | 27 (79,4%) | 31 (91,2%) | 0,28 |
| Dor ao entrar/sair do carro, n (%) | 22 (64,7%) | 27 (79,4%) | 0,17 |
Abreviaturas: DP, desvio-padrão; IFA, impacto femoroacetabular; Min, minutos.
Resultados pré-operatórios da avaliação física e achados em técnicas de diagnóstico por imagem dos grupos de casos e controles
| Variáveis | ≤ 40 Anos | > 60 Anos |
Valor de
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Flexão | |||
| Média ± DP | 121,1° ± 9,1° | 119,7° ± 10,9° | 0,58 |
| Variação | 90°–140° | 90–135 | |
| Rotação externa | |||
| Média ± DP | 49,7° ± 18,9° | 47,1° ± 17,3° | 0,45 |
| Variação | 10°–80° | 20°–80° | |
| Rotação interna | |||
| Média ± DP | 29,5° ± 20,6° | 22,4° ± 14,7° |
0,04
|
| Variação | −20°–70° | −10°–45° | |
| Ângulo alfa | |||
| Média ± DP | 64,4° ± 12,3° | 64,8° ± 9,4° | 0,84 |
| Variação | 42°–86° | 50°–86° | |
| Ângulo LCE | |||
| Média ± DP | 38,8° ± 6,8° | 42,1° ± 7,3° |
0,04
|
| Variação | 28°–53° | 30°–60° | |
Abreviaturas: DP, desvio-padrão; IFA, impacto femoroacetabular; LCE, ângulo centro-borda lateral; Min, minutos.
Valor de P < 0,05.
Pontuação WOMAC antes e após a cirurgia
| WOMAC | Grupo | Pré-operatório | 1 year postoperative | ∆ Before-After | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Média ± DP | Mediana (variação) |
Valor de
| Média ± DP | Mediana (variação) |
Valor de
| Média ± DP | IC 95% |
Valor de
| ||
|
| ≤ 40 anos | 8,6 ± 4,9 | 8,5 (0–18) | 0,084 | 1,8 ± 2,5 | 0,5 (0–11) |
0,006
| 6,8 ± 4,6 | −1,65–3,65 | 0,448 |
| > 60 anos | 10,7 ± 5,4 | 11 (0–23) | 5,1 ± 5,2 | 3 (0–20) | 5,5 ± 5,6 | |||||
|
| ≤ 40 anos | 3,1 ± 2,3 | 3 (0–7) | 0,850 | 0,6 ± 1,2 | 0 (0–6) |
0,000
| 2,5 ± 2,4 | 0,25–2,36 |
0,017
|
| > 60 anos | 3,2 ± 2,3 | 3 (0–8) | 2,0 ± 2,0 | 2 (0–8) | 1,1 ± 2,6 | |||||
|
| ≤ 40 anos | 26,3 ± 17,2 | 29 (0–59) | 0,114 | 4,8 ± 8,2 | 3 (0–45) |
0,001
| 21,5 ± 16,0 | −3,57–10,72 | 0,315 |
| > 60 anos | 32,4 ± 19,4 | 30 (0–66) | 15,0 ± 15,1 | 10,5 (0–63) | 16,9 ± 16,7 | |||||
|
| ≤ 40 anos | 38,1 ± 23,3 | 40,5 (0–79) | 0,112 | 7,2 ± 11,5 | 4 (0–62) |
0,001
| 30,8 ± 21,6 | −3,92–15,68 | 0,230 |
| > 60 anos | 46,3 ± 25,6 | 43 (0–93) | 22,0 ± 21,4 | 17 (0–89) | 23,6 ± 22,7 | |||||
Abreviaturas: DP, desvio-padrão; IC, intervalo de confiança; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.
Valor de P < 0,05.
Diferenças pré-operatórias entre os grupos.
Diferenças em um ano de acompanhamento entre os grupos.
Diferencial de mudança entre os grupos.
Fig. 2Alteração na pontuação WOMAC entre o período pré-operatório e 1 ano após a cirurgia.