Wang Lai Hui1, Deepak Ipe2, Vittoria Perrotti3, Adriano Piattelli4, Zhi Fang5, Kostya Ostrikov6, Alessandro Quaranta7. 1. Private Practice, Smile Specialists Suite, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. 2. School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. 3. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy. Electronic address: v.perrotti@unich.it. 4. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy. 5. College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China. 6. School of Chemistry and Physics and Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia. 7. Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Smile Specialists Suite, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to assess the decontamination efficacy and titanium surface alterations of erythritol based air abrasion (AA) and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) targeting a human complex biofilm. METHODS: Saliva collected from a peri-implantitis patient was used to develop in vitro human biofilm over titanium discs with machined (group A) and moderately rough (group B) surface. The discs were treated with AA, experimental CAP or a combination of both treatments (COM). The amount of biofilm on the discs was measured by crystal violet (CV). Surface features and roughness before and after treatment were assessed by SEM and laser profilometry, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test after being checked for normality by Shapiro-Wilk test. RESULTS: All the discs in group A performed better to treatments compared to group B. In both groups, CV data showed significantly lower amount of biofilm after AA treatment compared to CAP (p<0.05). Cleaning efficacy revealed relevant decontamination of both the surfaces following AA and COM treatments and almost complete biofilm removal after AA application on group A (99.92%). SEM analysis demonstrated no post-treatment alterations on the discs and laser profilometry did not show statistically significant changes in Sa and Sdr values. SIGNIFICANCE: Decontamination with AA delivering erythritol with or without CAP is highly effective in biofilm removal from different titanium surfaces. All the tested treatments, including CAP showed no noticeable alterations of the titanium discs surface features. Further in vivo studies are necessary to understand the potential of CAP technology in implant surface decontamination.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to assess the decontamination efficacy and titanium surface alterations of erythritol based air abrasion (AA) and cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) targeting a human complex biofilm. METHODS: Saliva collected from a peri-implantitis patient was used to develop in vitro human biofilm over titanium discs with machined (group A) and moderately rough (group B) surface. The discs were treated with AA, experimental CAP or a combination of both treatments (COM). The amount of biofilm on the discs was measured by crystal violet (CV). Surface features and roughness before and after treatment were assessed by SEM and laser profilometry, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test after being checked for normality by Shapiro-Wilk test. RESULTS: All the discs in group A performed better to treatments compared to group B. In both groups, CV data showed significantly lower amount of biofilm after AA treatment compared to CAP (p<0.05). Cleaning efficacy revealed relevant decontamination of both the surfaces following AA and COM treatments and almost complete biofilm removal after AA application on group A (99.92%). SEM analysis demonstrated no post-treatment alterations on the discs and laser profilometry did not show statistically significant changes in Sa and Sdr values. SIGNIFICANCE: Decontamination with AA delivering erythritol with or without CAP is highly effective in biofilm removal from different titanium surfaces. All the tested treatments, including CAP showed no noticeable alterations of the titanium discs surface features. Further in vivo studies are necessary to understand the potential of CAP technology in implant surface decontamination.