Masashige Saito1,2, Jun Aida3, Noriko Cable4, Paola Zaninotto4, Takaaki Ikeda5,6, Taishi Tsuji7, Shihoko Koyama8, Taiji Noguchi9, Ken Osaka6, Katsunori Kondo2,9,10. 1. Faculty of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Mihama, Japan. 2. Center for Well-being and Society, Nihon Fukushi University, Mihama, Japan. 3. Department of Oral Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK. 5. Department of Health Policy Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan. 6. Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan. 7. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan. 8. Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan. 9. Department of Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. 10. Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Abstract
AIM: Existing evidence links social isolation with poor health. To examine differences in the mortality risk by social isolation, and in socio-economic correlates of social isolation, we analyzed large-scale cohort studies in Japan and England. METHODS: Participants were drawn from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). We analyzed the 10-year mortality among 15 313 JAGES participants and 5124 ELSA respondents. Social isolation was measured by two scales, i.e., scoring the frequency of contact with close ties, and a composite measurement of social isolation risk. We calculated the population attributable fraction, and Cox regression models with multiple imputations were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality due to social isolation. RESULTS: The proportion of those with contact frequency of less than once a month was 8.5% in JAGES and 1.3% in ELSA. Males, older people, those with poor self-rated health, and unmarried people were significantly associated with social isolation in both countries. Both scales showed that social isolation among older adults had a remarkably higher risk for premature death (less frequent contact with others in JAGES: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.33, in ELSA: HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.85-1.89; and high isolation risk score in JAGES: HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.12-1.50, in ELSA: HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.52-2.73). The population attributable fraction showed less frequent contact with close ties was attributed to about 18 000 premature deaths annually in Japan, in contrast with about 1800 in England. CONCLUSIONS: Negative health impacts of social isolation were higher among older Japanese compared with those in England. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 209-214.
AIM: Existing evidence links social isolation with poor health. To examine differences in the mortality risk by social isolation, and in socio-economic correlates of social isolation, we analyzed large-scale cohort studies in Japan and England. METHODS:Participants were drawn from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). We analyzed the 10-year mortality among 15 313 JAGES participants and 5124 ELSA respondents. Social isolation was measured by two scales, i.e., scoring the frequency of contact with close ties, and a composite measurement of social isolation risk. We calculated the population attributable fraction, and Cox regression models with multiple imputations were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality due to social isolation. RESULTS: The proportion of those with contact frequency of less than once a month was 8.5% in JAGES and 1.3% in ELSA. Males, older people, those with poor self-rated health, and unmarried people were significantly associated with social isolation in both countries. Both scales showed that social isolation among older adults had a remarkably higher risk for premature death (less frequent contact with others in JAGES: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.33, in ELSA: HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.85-1.89; and high isolation risk score in JAGES: HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.12-1.50, in ELSA: HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.52-2.73). The population attributable fraction showed less frequent contact with close ties was attributed to about 18 000 premature deaths annually in Japan, in contrast with about 1800 in England. CONCLUSIONS: Negative health impacts of social isolation were higher among older Japanese compared with those in England. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 209-214.
Authors: Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kumiko Nonaka; Masataka Kuraoka; Yoh Murayama; Sachiko Murayama; Yuta Nemoto; Motoki Tanaka; Hiroko Matsunaga; Koji Fujita; Hiroshi Murayama; Erika Kobayashi Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-02-16 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Jiao Wang; Wei Sen Zhang; Chao Qiang Jiang; Feng Zhu; Ya Li Jin; Kar Keung Cheng; Tai Hing Lam; Lin Xu Journal: BMC Med Date: 2022-05-02 Impact factor: 11.150