Kristin Klemmetsby Solli1,2,3, Arild Opheim4,5, Zill-E-Huma Latif6, Peter Krajci7, Jūratė Šaltytė Benth8,9, Nikolaj Kunoe10, Lars Tanum1,11. 1. Dept. of R&D in Mental Health, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Loerenskog, Norway. 2. University of Oslo, Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, 0315, Oslo, Norway. 3. Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3116 Toensberg, Norway. 4. Dept. of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020, Bergen, Norway. 5. The University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway. 6. Groruddalen Outpatient Department, Akershus University Hospital, 0963, Oslo, Norway. 7. Dept. of Addiction Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0450, Oslo, Norway. 8. University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, 0318 Blindern, Norway. 9. Akershus University Hospital, Health Services Research Unit, 1478 Loerenskog, Norway. 10. Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, P.O. Box 4970, 0440, Oslo, Norway. 11. Faculty for Health Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0167, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) is an underused treatment option for opioid dependence, today only available in a few countries in the world. Although effective, safe and feasible in short-term treatment, long-term data are scarce and there is no recommendation for required treatment length. The aims of the study were to determine the perceived need of long-term XR-NTX treatment and to examine long-term treatment outcomes. DESIGN: In this prospective cohort study, following a parent 1-year study of XR-NTX, participants received treatment with XR-NTX at their own discretion for a maximum of 104 weeks. SETTING: Five urban, outpatient addiction clinics in Norway. PARTICIPANTS: Opioid-dependent adults 18-60 years old (n=50) already participating in the parent study. INTERVENTION: XR-NTX administrated as intra-muscular injections (380 mg) every 4 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Time in the study, use of opioids and other illicit substances, opioid craving, and treatment satisfaction reported every 4 weeks. FINDINGS: Among 58 participants who completed the 1-year parent study, 50 chose to continue the treatment with XR-NTX. Median prolonged treatment time was 44.0 weeks (95% CI: 25.5-62.5), ranging from 8 to 104 weeks. Most participants (35, 70%) reported no relapse to opioid use during treatment while a subgroup (15, 30%) reported relapses to opioids during the study. Scores for mean treatment satisfaction and recommending treatment to others were very high (>9) and mean opioid craving score was very low (<1) on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. CONCLUSIONS: Extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) was well tolerated in long-term treatment of opioid dependent individuals in Norway already in XR-NTX treatment. On average, the participants chose to continue treatment for almost 1 year beyond the initial 9 to 12 months of treatment. Participants reported high treatment satisfaction and 70% showed no relapse to opioids during the treatment period. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) is an underused treatment option for opioid dependence, today only available in a few countries in the world. Although effective, safe and feasible in short-term treatment, long-term data are scarce and there is no recommendation for required treatment length. The aims of the study were to determine the perceived need of long-term XR-NTX treatment and to examine long-term treatment outcomes. DESIGN: In this prospective cohort study, following a parent 1-year study of XR-NTX, participants received treatment with XR-NTX at their own discretion for a maximum of 104 weeks. SETTING: Five urban, outpatient addiction clinics in Norway. PARTICIPANTS: Opioid-dependent adults 18-60 years old (n=50) already participating in the parent study. INTERVENTION: XR-NTX administrated as intra-muscular injections (380 mg) every 4 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Time in the study, use of opioids and other illicit substances, opioid craving, and treatment satisfaction reported every 4 weeks. FINDINGS: Among 58 participants who completed the 1-year parent study, 50 chose to continue the treatment with XR-NTX. Median prolonged treatment time was 44.0 weeks (95% CI: 25.5-62.5), ranging from 8 to 104 weeks. Most participants (35, 70%) reported no relapse to opioid use during treatment while a subgroup (15, 30%) reported relapses to opioids during the study. Scores for mean treatment satisfaction and recommending treatment to others were very high (>9) and mean opioid craving score was very low (<1) on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. CONCLUSIONS: Extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) was well tolerated in long-term treatment of opioid dependent individuals in Norway already in XR-NTX treatment. On average, the participants chose to continue treatment for almost 1 year beyond the initial 9 to 12 months of treatment. Participants reported high treatment satisfaction and 70% showed no relapse to opioids during the treatment period. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.