Contribution of South Asian biomass burning to black carbon over the Tibetan Plateau and its climatic impact.

This study used a regional climate-chemistry transport model, WRF-Chem v3.9.1, to evaluate the impact of South Asian biomass burning on black carbon (BC) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its climatic effects for an entire year. The simulation, which was validated by comparing surface meteorological parameters and BC concentration against in-situ observations over South Asia and the TP, provided a perspective on the seasonal variations and regional spatial patterns of BC concentration. Using a sensitivity simulation where BC emissions from biomass burning were removed from South Asia, this study found South Asian biomass burning emissions contributed up to 90% of BC mass over the TP during the pre-monsoon season, specifically emissions from western India for the simulated year. The emissions led to reduced surface radiative forcing, causing the temperature to decrease accordingly. However, column cloud water was increased. This study suggested that the biomass burning emissions from South Asia have significant impact on atmospheric BC over the TP, especially during the pre-monsoon season. Therefore, reducing biomass burning emissions from South Asia is potentially important for alleviating the effects of BC on climatic and environmental conditions over the TP and surrounding regions.