Gary J Farkas1, Phillip S Gordon2, Ann M Swartz3, Arthur S Berg4, David R Gater2. 1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. gjf50@med.miami.edu. 2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. 3. Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 4. Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Observational, Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE: Examine the influence of mid (MP) and low (LP) paraplegia on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), energy expenditure (EE), and physical activity levels (PAL), and compare these data to able-bodied (AB) individuals. SETTING: Academic medical center. METHODS: Persons with MP (n = 6, T6-T8, 83% male, age: 31 ± 11 y, BMI: 24 ± 7 kg/m2) and LP (n = 5; T10-L1, 100% male, age: 39 ± 11 y, BMI: 26 ± 5 kg/m2) and AB controls (n = 6; 67% male, age: 29 ± 12 y, BMI: 26 ± 5 kg/m2) participated. All participants underwent 45-min of arm-crank exercise where CRF and exercise EE were measured. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was measured, and total daily EE (TDEE) and PAL were estimated. RESULTS: Absolute VO2Peak (MP: 1.6 ± 0.2, LP: 1.9 ± 0.1, AB: 2.5 ± 0.7 l/min), peak metabolic equivalents (MP: 6.8 ± 1.3, LP: 5.7 ± 0.7, AB: 8.8 ± 0.8 METs), peak power output (MP: 72.9 ± 11.5, LP: 86.8 ± 6.1, AB: 121.0 ± 34.8 Watts), and maximal heart rate (MP: 177.7 ± 9.8, LP: 157 ± 13.6, AB: 185.2 ± 8.5 bpm) were significantly different between the three groups (p < 0.05). BMR and TDEE did not significantly differ between the three groups (p > 0.05), whereas exercise EE (MP: 7.8 ± 1.2, LP: 9.5 ± 0.7, AB: 12.4 ± 3.5 kcal/min) and PAL (MP: 1.30 ± 0.04, LP: 1.32 ± 0.04, AB: 1.43 ± 0.06) significantly differed (p < 0.05). In the AB group, 33.3% and 66.7% were classified as sedentary or having low activity levels, respectively, while all persons with paraplegia were classified as sedentary according to PAL classifications. CONCLUSION: Individuals with MP and LP have lower CRF, exercise EE, and PALs compared to AB individuals.
STUDY DESIGN: Observational, Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE: Examine the influence of mid (MP) and low (LP) paraplegia on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), energy expenditure (EE), and physical activity levels (PAL), and compare these data to able-bodied (AB) individuals. SETTING: Academic medical center. METHODS: Persons with MP (n = 6, T6-T8, 83% male, age: 31 ± 11 y, BMI: 24 ± 7 kg/m2) and LP (n = 5; T10-L1, 100% male, age: 39 ± 11 y, BMI: 26 ± 5 kg/m2) and AB controls (n = 6; 67% male, age: 29 ± 12 y, BMI: 26 ± 5 kg/m2) participated. All participants underwent 45-min of arm-crank exercise where CRF and exercise EE were measured. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) was measured, and total daily EE (TDEE) and PAL were estimated. RESULTS: Absolute VO2Peak (MP: 1.6 ± 0.2, LP: 1.9 ± 0.1, AB: 2.5 ± 0.7 l/min), peak metabolic equivalents (MP: 6.8 ± 1.3, LP: 5.7 ± 0.7, AB: 8.8 ± 0.8 METs), peak power output (MP: 72.9 ± 11.5, LP: 86.8 ± 6.1, AB: 121.0 ± 34.8 Watts), and maximal heart rate (MP: 177.7 ± 9.8, LP: 157 ± 13.6, AB: 185.2 ± 8.5 bpm) were significantly different between the three groups (p < 0.05). BMR and TDEE did not significantly differ between the three groups (p > 0.05), whereas exercise EE (MP: 7.8 ± 1.2, LP: 9.5 ± 0.7, AB: 12.4 ± 3.5 kcal/min) and PAL (MP: 1.30 ± 0.04, LP: 1.32 ± 0.04, AB: 1.43 ± 0.06) significantly differed (p < 0.05). In the AB group, 33.3% and 66.7% were classified as sedentary or having low activity levels, respectively, while all persons with paraplegia were classified as sedentary according to PAL classifications. CONCLUSION: Individuals with MP and LP have lower CRF, exercise EE, and PALs compared to AB individuals.