Sameer Al-Ghamdi1, Mamdouh M Shubair2, Ashraf El-Metwally3, Majid Alsalamah4, Saeed Mastour Alshahrani5, Badr F Al-Khateeb6, Salwa Bahkali7, Sara M Aloudah8, Jamaan Al-Zahrani1, Turky H Almigbal9, Khaled K Aldossari. 1. Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. 2. School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), Prince George, BC, Canada. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Informatics; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 5. College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Cancer Research Unit, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. 6. College of Public Health and Health Informatics (CPHHI), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 7. Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, King Abdullah Bin AbdulAziz, University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 8. Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 9. Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
Background: Chronic pain and hypertension are highly prevalent in both developing and developed countries. Although they may appear to be two separate phenomena, several studies in developed countries have found them associated at the population level. Studies in developing countries are scarce and association between pain with prehypertension are rarely explored. The objective of this study was to explore the potential association between prehypertension, hypertension, and chronic pain in a Saudi population. Methods: A cross-sectional general population-based study was conducted on a random sample of employees and university students over a period of 6 months from January 2016 to June 2016 in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1200 general population adults (aged 18 years and above) were invited to participate in the study. Results: With a response rate of 85.9%, 1031 individuals were included in the final analysis. Among the general population of Al-Kharj, statistically significant association was found between age and chronic pain [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.764 [95% C.I. = 1.391-1.927], P < 0.0001] and between hypertension and chronic pain [(OR) = 1.039 [95% C.I. = 1.018-1.060], P < 0.0001], respectively. The association between prehypertension and chronic pain was not statistically significant [(OR) = 1.211 [95% C.I. = 0.879-1.668, P = 0.243]. Conclusion: Results of this survey suggests a statistically significant relationship between hypertension (but not prehypertension) and chronic pain. The temporality of the relationship between hypertension and chronic needs to be explored in future longitudinal studies.
Background: Chronic pain and hypertension are highly prevalent in both developing and developed countries. Although they may appear to be two separate phenomena, several studies in developed countries have found them associated at the population level. Studies in developing countries are scarce and association between pain with prehypertension are rarely explored. The objective of this study was to explore the potential association between prehypertension, hypertension, and chronic pain in a Saudi population. Methods: A cross-sectional general population-based study was conducted on a random sample of employees and university students over a period of 6 months from January 2016 to June 2016 in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1200 general population adults (aged 18 years and above) were invited to participate in the study. Results: With a response rate of 85.9%, 1031 individuals were included in the final analysis. Among the general population of Al-Kharj, statistically significant association was found between age and chronic pain [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.764 [95% C.I. = 1.391-1.927], P < 0.0001] and between hypertension and chronic pain [(OR) = 1.039 [95% C.I. = 1.018-1.060], P < 0.0001], respectively. The association between prehypertension and chronic pain was not statistically significant [(OR) = 1.211 [95% C.I. = 0.879-1.668, P = 0.243]. Conclusion: Results of this survey suggests a statistically significant relationship between hypertension (but not prehypertension) and chronic pain. The temporality of the relationship between hypertension and chronic needs to be explored in future longitudinal studies.
Entities:
Keywords:
Hypertension; Saudi Arabia; age; chronic pain; prehypertension; prevalence; relationship
Authors: Rigas G Kalaitzidis; Panagiotis Theofilis; Kalliopi Touchantzidou; Aikaterini Vordoni; Kostas C Siamopoulos; Petros Skapinakis Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-02-08 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Ahmed S Alhowimel; Faris Alodaibi; Mohammed M Alshehri; Bader A Alqahtani; Mazyad Alotaibi; Aqeel M Alenazi Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-12-16 Impact factor: 3.390