Zhennan Huang1, Yonggang Yao2, Zhenqian Pang3, Yifei Yuan1,4, Tangyuan Li2, Kun He5, Xiaobing Hu5, Jian Cheng3, Wentao Yao6, Yuzi Liu7, Anmin Nie8, Soroosh Sharifi-Asl1, Meng Cheng1, Boao Song1, Khalil Amine4, Jun Lu4, Teng Li9, Liangbing Hu10, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar11. 1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA. 2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. 3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. 4. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA. 5. Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA. 6. Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA. 7. Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA. 8. Center for High Pressure Science, State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China. 9. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. lit@umd.edu. 10. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. binghu@umd.edu. 11. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA. rsyassar@uic.edu.
Abstract
Direct formation of ultra-small nanoparticles on carbon supports by rapid high temperature synthesis method offers new opportunities for scalable nanomanufacturing and the synthesis of stable multi-elemental nanoparticles. However, the underlying mechanisms affecting the dispersion and stability of nanoparticles on the supports during high temperature processing remain enigmatic. In this work, we report the observation of metallic nanoparticles formation and stabilization on carbon supports through in situ Joule heating method. We find that the formation of metallic nanoparticles is associated with the simultaneous phase transition of amorphous carbon to a highly defective turbostratic graphite (T-graphite). Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations suggest that the defective T-graphite provide numerous nucleation sites for the nanoparticles to form. Furthermore, the nanoparticles partially intercalate and take root on edge planes, leading to high binding energy on support. This interaction between nanoparticles and T-graphite substrate strengthens the anchoring and provides excellent thermal stability to the nanoparticles. These findings provide mechanistic understanding of rapid high temperature synthesis of metal nanoparticles on carbon supports and the origin of their stability.
Direct formation of ultra-small nanoparticles on carbon supports by rapid high temperature synthesis method offers new opportunities for scalable nanomanufacturing and the synthesis of stable multi-elemental nanoparticles. However, the underlying mechanisms affecn class="Chemical">ting the dispersion and stability of nanoparticles on the supports during high temperature processing remain enigmatic. In this work, we report the observation of metallic nanoparticles formation and stabilization on carbon supports through in situ Joule heating method. We find that the formation of metallic nanoparticles is associated with the simultaneous phase transition of amorphous carbon to a highly defective turbostratic graphite (T-graphite). Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations suggest that the defective T-graphite provide numerous nucleation sites for the nanoparticles to form. Furthermore, the nanoparticles partially intercalate and take root on edge planes, leading to high binding energy on support. This interaction between nanoparticles and T-graphite substrate strengthens the anchoring and provides excellent thermal stability to the nanoparticles. These findings provide mechanistic understanding of rapid high temperature synthesis of metal nanoparticles on carbon supports and the origin of their stability.
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