Prostatic Artery Embolization in Refractory Hematuria of Prostatic Origin.

Hematuria of prostatic origin has multiple etiologies including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), iatrogenic urological trauma, prostate cancer, and radiation therapy. Hematuria secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia can occur because of the increased vascularity of the primary gland, itself, or because of the vascular re-growth following a transurethral resection of the prostate. Prostatic hematuria usually resolves with conservative measures; however, refractory hematuria of prostatic origin may require hospitalization with treatment with blood transfusions, repeated indwelling urinary catheterization, and continuous bladder irrigation. Prostate artery embolization is an emerging minimally invasive procedural therapy for men with BPH that was originally utilized for the treatment of refractory hematuria of prostatic origin . This article aims to summarize the currently available evidence around prostate artery embolization for the treatment of refractory hematuria of prostatic origin.