Sarina K Sahetya1, Ewan C Goligher2,3,4, Arthur S Slutsky2,5. 1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 2. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 3. Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 4. Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 5. Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.