Letemichael Negash Welekidan1, Eystein Skjerve2, Tsehaye Asmelash Dejene3, Mengistu Welday Gebremichael4, Ola Brynildsrud5, Tone Tønjum6, Solomon Abebe Yimer7. 1. Department of Para Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 369, 0102 Oslo, Norway; Department of Production Animal Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 369, 0102 Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Electronic address: letemichael.negash.welekidan@nmbu.no. 2. Department of Production Animal Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 369, 0102 Oslo, Norway. 3. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia. 4. Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia. 5. Department of Para Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 369, 0102 Oslo, Norway; Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, 0213 Oslo, Norway. 6. Department of Microbiology, Unit for Genome Dynamics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1072, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Department of Microbiology, Unit for Genome Dynamics, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway. 7. Department of Microbiology, Unit for Genome Dynamics, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and treatable infectious disease, but the continuing emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant TB is threatening global TB control efforts. This study aimed to describe the frequency and patterns of drug resistance-conferring mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates detected from pulmonary TB patients in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect sputum samples from pulmonary TB patients between July 2018 to August 2019. Culture and identification tests were done at Tigray Health Research Institute (THRI). Mutations conferring rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance were determined in 227 MTB isolates using GenoType MTBDRplus and GenoType MTBDRsl. RESULTS: Mutations conferring resistance to RIF, INH and FQs were detected in 40/227 (17.6%), 41/227 (18.1%) and 2/38 (5.3%) MTB isolates, respectively. The majority of mutations for RIF, INH and FQs occurred at codons rpoB S531L (70%), katG S315T (78%) and gyrA D94Y/N (100%), respectively. This study revealed a significant number of unknown mutations in the rpoB, katG and inhA genes. CONCLUSION: High rates of mutations conferring resistance to RIF, INH and FQs were observed in this study. A large number of isolates showed unknown mutations, which require further DNA sequencing analysis. Periodic drug resistance surveillance and scaling-up of drug resistance testing facilities are imperative to prevent the transmission of drug-resistant TB in the community.
OBJECTIVES: Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and treatable infectious disease, but the continuing emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant TB is threatening global TB control efforts. This study aimed to describe the frequency and patterns of drug resistance-conferring mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates detected from pulmonary TB patients in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect sputum samples from pulmonary TB patients between July 2018 to August 2019. Culture and identification tests were done at Tigray Health Research Institute (THRI). Mutations conferring rifampicin (RIF), isoniazid (INH) and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance were determined in 227 MTB isolates using GenoType MTBDRplus and GenoType MTBDRsl. RESULTS: Mutations conferring resistance to RIF, INH and FQs were detected in 40/227 (17.6%), 41/227 (18.1%) and 2/38 (5.3%) MTB isolates, respectively. The majority of mutations for RIF, INH and FQs occurred at codons rpoB S531L (70%), katG S315T (78%) and gyrA D94Y/N (100%), respectively. This study revealed a significant number of unknown mutations in the rpoB, katG and inhA genes. CONCLUSION: High rates of mutations conferring resistance to RIF, INH and FQs were observed in this study. A large number of isolates showed unknown mutations, which require further DNA sequencing analysis. Periodic drug resistance surveillance and scaling-up of drug resistance testing facilities are imperative to prevent the transmission of drug-resistant TB in the community.
Authors: Selien Oostvogels; Serej D Ley; Tim H Heupink; Anzaan Dippenaar; Elizabeth M Streicher; Elise De Vos; Conor J Meehan; Keertan Dheda; Rob Warren; Annelies Van Rie Journal: Microb Genom Date: 2022-04