Brynhildur Axelsdóttir1,2, Sølvi Biedilae1,2, Åse Sagatun1, Lena V Nordheim2, Lillebeth Larun3. 1. Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway. 2. Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway. 3. Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The objective of this systematic review was to examine the treatment effects of exercise on children and adolescents with depression compared to either other nonexercise treatments or no treatment. A study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018101982). METHOD: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), SPORTDiscus, PEDro, CINAHL (EBSCO), ERIC (EBSCO), Web of Science, and databases for grey literature and dissertations were searched from their inception through 30 August 2020 for randomized controlled trials. Varieties of search terms for depression, children and adolescents, exercise, and study design were applied. No limits were placed on publication year, language or publication type. Registers for ongoing trials were also searched. Two authors independently screened references, extracted data and assessed risk of bias in the included trials. The effect sizes for depression postintervention were pooled in a meta-analysis, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessments, Development, and Evaluation). RESULTS: 13,307 references were screened. Four trials were included (n = 159). Participants were between 12 and 18 years old, and predominantly female. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed, and a moderate effect in favour of exercise on postintervention depression severity was identified (SMD = -0.59, 95% CI = -1.08 to -0.10, p = .02). However, the overall certainty of the evidence for this outcome was low. One trial found a nonsignificant decrease in depression severity at six-month follow-up (n = 42, SMD = -0.59, 95% CI = -1.22 to 0.04, p = 0.07), and the overall certainty of the evidence for this outcome was very low. One trial found no statistically significant differences between the exercise and control groups on quality of life. Other outcomes, including adverse events, psychological well-being and social functioning, were not evaluated. CONCLUSION: Low certainty evidence suggests that exercise interventions may be associated with a decrease in adolescent depression severity. However, our confidence in the effect estimate is limited, and the true effect may be substantially different. Thus, large, high-quality trials including follow-up periods are needed.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this systematic review was to examine the treatment effects of exercise on children and adolescents with depression compared to either other nonexercise treatments or no treatment. A study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018101982). METHOD: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), SPORTDiscus, PEDro, CINAHL (EBSCO), ERIC (EBSCO), Web of Science, and databases for grey literature and dissertations were searched from their inception through 30 August 2020 for randomized controlled trials. Varieties of search terms for depression, children and adolescents, exercise, and study design were applied. No limits were placed on publication year, language or publication type. Registers for ongoing trials were also searched. Two authors independently screened references, extracted data and assessed risk of bias in the included trials. The effect sizes for depression postintervention were pooled in a meta-analysis, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessments, Development, and Evaluation). RESULTS: 13,307 references were screened. Four trials were included (n = 159). Participants were between 12 and 18 years old, and predominantly female. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed, and a moderate effect in favour of exercise on postintervention depression severity was identified (SMD = -0.59, 95% CI = -1.08 to -0.10, p = .02). However, the overall certainty of the evidence for this outcome was low. One trial found a nonsignificant decrease in depression severity at six-month follow-up (n = 42, SMD = -0.59, 95% CI = -1.22 to 0.04, p = 0.07), and the overall certainty of the evidence for this outcome was very low. One trial found no statistically significant differences between the exercise and control groups on quality of life. Other outcomes, including adverse events, psychological well-being and social functioning, were not evaluated. CONCLUSION: Low certainty evidence suggests that exercise interventions may be associated with a decrease in adolescent depression severity. However, our confidence in the effect estimate is limited, and the true effect may be substantially different. Thus, large, high-quality trials including follow-up periods are needed.
Authors: Rebecca Mortazavi; Maria Lalouni; Rebecca Grudin; Eva Serlachius; Carl Johan Sundberg; Jessica Norrbom; Ingrid Larsson; Emma Haglund; Andreas Ivarsson; Fabian Lenhard; Tina Cronqvist; Kristina Ingemarsson; Åsa Mårsell; Olof Rask; Håkan Jarbin Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2022-07-12 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Arne Kodal; Fiona Muirhead; John J Reilly; Gro Janne H Wergeland; Paul Joachim Bloch Thorsen; Lars Peder Bovim; Irene Bircow Elgen Journal: Pilot Feasibility Stud Date: 2022-03-02