OBJECTIVES: To quantify the risk of death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the UK 2020 COVID-19 pandemic compared with the general population, and compared with their pre-COVID risk. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study in Hospital Episode Statistics for England from 2003 onwards, and linked data from the NHS Personal Demographics Service. We used ONS published data for general population mortality rates. RESULTS: We included 168 691 people with a recorded diagnosis of RAIRD alive on 1 March 2020. Their median age was 61.7 (IQR 41.5-75.4) years, and 118 379 (70.2%) were female. Our case ascertainment methods had a positive predictive value of 85%. A total of 1815 (1.1%) participants died during March and April 2020. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) among people with RAIRD (3669.3; 95% CI: 3500.4, 3838.1 per 100 000 person-years) was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.42, 1.45) times higher than the average ASMR during the same months of the previous 5 years, whereas in the general population of England it was 1.38 times higher. Age-specific mortality rates in people with RAIRD compared with the pre-COVID rates were higher from the age of 35 upwards, whereas in the general population the increased risk began from age 55 upwards. Women had a greater increase in mortality rates during COVID-19 compared with men. CONCLUSION: The risk of all-cause death is more prominently raised during COVID-19 among people with RAIRD than among the general population. We urgently need to quantify how much risk is due to COVID-19 infection and how much is due to disruption to health-care services.
OBJECTIVES: To quantify the risk of death among people with rare autoimmune rheumatic diseases (RAIRD) during the UK 2020 COVID-19 pandemic compared with the general population, and compared with their pre-COVID risk. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study in Hospital Episode Statistics for England from 2003 onwards, and linked data from the NHS Personal Demographics Service. We used ONS published data for general population mortality rates. RESULTS: We included 168 691 people with a recorded diagnosis of RAIRD alive on 1 March 2020. Their median age was 61.7 (IQR 41.5-75.4) years, and 118 379 (70.2%) were female. Our case ascertainment methods had a positive predictive value of 85%. A total of 1815 (1.1%) participants died during March and April 2020. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) among people with RAIRD (3669.3; 95% CI: 3500.4, 3838.1 per 100 000 person-years) was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.42, 1.45) times higher than the average ASMR during the same months of the previous 5 years, whereas in the general population of England it was 1.38 times higher. Age-specific mortality rates in people with RAIRD compared with the pre-COVID rates were higher from the age of 35 upwards, whereas in the general population the increased risk began from age 55 upwards. Women had a greater increase in mortality rates during COVID-19 compared with men. CONCLUSION: The risk of all-cause death is more prominently raised during COVID-19 among people with RAIRD than among the general population. We urgently need to quantify how much risk is due to COVID-19infection and how much is due to disruption to health-care services.
Authors: Zara Izadi; Milena A Gianfrancesco; Alfredo Aguirre; Anja Strangfeld; Elsa F Mateus; Kimme L Hyrich; Laure Gossec; Loreto Carmona; Saskia Lawson-Tovey; Lianne Kearsley-Fleet; Martin Schaefer; Andrea M Seet; Gabriela Schmajuk; Lindsay Jacobsohn; Patricia Katz; Stephanie Rush; Samar Al-Emadi; Jeffrey A Sparks; Tiffany Y-T Hsu; Naomi J Patel; Leanna Wise; Emily Gilbert; Alí Duarte-García; Maria O Valenzuela-Almada; Manuel F Ugarte-Gil; Sandra Lúcia Euzébio Ribeiro; Adriana de Oliveira Marinho; Lilian David de Azevedo Valadares; Daniela Di Giuseppe; Rebecca Hasseli; Jutta G Richter; Alexander Pfeil; Tim Schmeiser; Carolina A Isnardi; Alvaro A Reyes Torres; Gelsomina Alle; Verónica Saurit; Anna Zanetti; Greta Carrara; Julien Labreuche; Thomas Barnetche; Muriel Herasse; Samira Plassart; Maria José Santos; Ana Maria Rodrigues; Philip C Robinson; Pedro M Machado; Emily Sirotich; Jean W Liew; Jonathan S Hausmann; Paul Sufka; Rebecca Grainger; Suleman Bhana; Wendy Costello; Zachary S Wallace; Jinoos Yazdany Journal: ACR Open Rheumatol Date: 2022-07-22
Authors: Melanie Sloan; Caroline Gordon; Elliott Lever; Rupert Harwood; Michael A Bosley; Mark Pilling; James Brimicombe; Felix Naughton; Moira Blane; Chanpreet Walia; David D'Cruz Journal: Rheumatol Adv Pract Date: 2021-01-21
Authors: Gabriela Schmajuk; Anna D Montgomery; Samuel Leonard; Jing Li; Milena Gianfrancesco; Andrea Seet; Zara Izadi; Jinoos Yazdany; Salomeh Keyhani Journal: ACR Open Rheumatol Date: 2021-08-23
Authors: Megan Rutter; Jonathan Bowley; Peter C Lanyon; Matthew J Grainge; Fiona A Pearce Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford) Date: 2021-11-03 Impact factor: 7.580