Amit Kumar1, Sunil Kumar Sharma2, Gaurav Sharma3, Changsheng Guo4, Dai-Viet N Vo5, Jibran Iqbal6, Mu Naushad7, Florian J Stadler8. 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India. Electronic address: mittuchem83@gmail.com. 2. School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India. 3. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India. 4. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China. 5. Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam. 6. College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, P.O. Box 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. 7. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Building#5, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. 8. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China. Electronic address: fjstadler@szu.edu.cn.
Abstract
Focusing on the treatment of pharmaceuticals contaminated water by advanced oxidation processes, a novel three dimensional silicate glass matrix (3-DG) coupled Cu2O/Cu2V2O7 p-n heterojunction was constructed by in-situ hydrothermal technique. The optimal Cu2O/Cu2V2O7 with 30 wt % Cu2V2O7 (CV-30) degrades 90.1 % sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in 60 min and nearly 100 % removal in 45 min via coupling with 3-DG. Under natural sunlight ∼ 80 % SMX removal was observed. The internal electric field of the p-n junction facilitates the electron flow via the interface. 3-D silicate glass increases the visible light absorption dramatically via internal reflection which facilitates higher exposure for the junction and shortens the diffusion length of charge carriers. The effect of reaction parameters suggests that HCO3- and CO32- ions substantially escalate the SMX removal rate. Scavenging experiments and ESR probe suggest O2- as the main active species followed by OH radicals. The degradation products were detected by LC-MS analysis and a degradation mechanism was also predicted. The photocatalytic mechanism was explained in terms of the electron transfer facilitated by conventional transfer and Z-scheme. This strategy to construct such highly visible and solar active p-n heterojunctions will pave way for future opportunities for the degradation of recalcitrant pharmaceutical pollutants.
Focusing on the treatment of pharmaceuticals contaminated n class="Chemical">water by advanced oxidation processes, a novel three dimenpan>sional n class="Chemical">silicate glass matrix (3-DG) coupled Cu2O/Cu2V2O7 p-n heterojunction was constructed by in-situ hydrothermal technique. The optimal Cu2O/Cu2V2O7 with 30 wt % Cu2V2O7 (CV-30) degrades 90.1 % sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in 60 min and nearly 100 % removal in 45 min via coupling with 3-DG. Under natural sunlight ∼ 80 % SMX removal was observed. The internal electric field of the p-n junction facilitates the electron flow via the interface. 3-D silicate glass increases the visible light absorption dramatically via internal reflection which facilitates higher exposure for the junction and shortens the diffusion length of charge carriers. The effect of reaction parameters suggests that HCO3- and CO32- ions substantially escalate the SMX removal rate. Scavenging experiments and ESR probe suggest O2- as the main active species followed by OH radicals. The degradation products were detected by LC-MS analysis and a degradation mechanism was also predicted. The photocatalytic mechanism was explained in terms of the electron transfer facilitated by conventional transfer and Z-scheme. This strategy to construct such highly visible and solar active p-n heterojunctions will pave way for future opportunities for the degradation of recalcitrant pharmaceutical pollutants.