Qing-Qing Cui1, Jing Yang2, Su-Ju Sun3, Zhi-Rong Li2, Cui-Xin Qiang2, Ya-Nan Niu2, Ru-Xin Li4, Dong-Yan Shi4, Hong-Lian Wei4, Tian-Tian Tian4, Kai-Yue Xu4, Wei-Gang Wang4, Jian-Hong Zhao5. 1. Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China; Handan Central Hospital, 59 Congtai North Road, Congtai District, Handan City, Hebei Province, 056000, China. 2. Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China. 3. Public Health College of Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshandong Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China. 4. Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China. 5. Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China; Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, 215 Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, China. Electronic address: zhaojh_2002@yahoo.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Clostridioides difficile may colonize healthy infants and young children asymptomatically and for the long-term. C. difficile genotypes and the rate and determinants of colonization differ substantially and vary among countries and regions. A 1-year follow-up study was performed to determine the incidence, kinetics and influencing factors of C. difficile intestinal colonization. METHODS: Twenty-nine healthy infants (14 girls and 15 boys) living at home with their parents in Handan City were followed by survey from birth to 1 year of age, specifically from October 2014 through December 2015. C. difficile isolates were typed by PCR ribotyping and analyzed for the presence of toxin genes. RESULTS: During the follow-up study period in the first year of life, 20 of the 29 total enrolled infants acquired C. difficile. A total of 437 fecal samples were obtained, and 111 (25.4%) samples contained C. difficile, including 79 (71.2%) toxigenic strains. The toxigenic isolates comprised six PCR ribotypes, and two PCR ribotypes were identified as nontoxigenic strains. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that C. difficile colonization increase with age during the 12-month period, and the dominant toxigenic types of C. difficile isolates in infants were those involved in long-term colonization. Feeding patterns may affect the dynamic progress of C. difficile colonization.
OBJECTIVE:Clostridioides difficile may colonize healthy infants and young children asymptomatically and for the long-term. C. difficile genotypes and the rate and determinants of colonization differ substantially and vary among countries and regions. A 1-year follow-up study was performed to determine the incidence, kinetics and influencing factors of C. difficile intestinal colonization. METHODS: Twenty-nine healthy infants (14 girls and 15 boys) living at home with their parents in Handan City were followed by survey from birth to 1 year of age, specifically from October 2014 through December 2015. C. difficile isolates were typed by PCR ribotyping and analyzed for the presence of toxin genes. RESULTS: During the follow-up study period in the first year of life, 20 of the 29 total enrolled infants acquired C. difficile. A total of 437 fecal samples were obtained, and 111 (25.4%) samples contained C. difficile, including 79 (71.2%) toxigenic strains. The toxigenic isolates comprised six PCR ribotypes, and two PCR ribotypes were identified as nontoxigenic strains. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that C. difficile colonization increase with age during the 12-month period, and the dominant toxigenic types of C. difficile isolates in infants were those involved in long-term colonization. Feeding patterns may affect the dynamic progress of C. difficile colonization.
Authors: Stephanie A Brennhofer; Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade; Jie Liu; Richard L Guerrant; James A Platts-Mills; Cirle A Warren Journal: Clin Microbiol Infect Date: 2022-02-10 Impact factor: 13.310