Arieh Riskin1,2, Omer Itzchaki2, David Bader1,2, Adir Iofe1,2, Arina Toropine1,2, Shlomit Riskin-Mashiah2,3. 1. Department of Neonatology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. 2. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. 3. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing in parallel to the worldwide obesity and type 2 diabetes pandemic. Both GDM and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) are associated with short- and long-term consequences in the offspring. There are few recent studies addressing outcomes of newborns born to women diagnosed with GDM and PGDM in Israel. OBJECTIVES: To assess perinatal complications in offspring of women with GDM and PGDM. METHODS: The authors conducted a single-center retrospective case-control study of outcomes of all newborns whose mothers had been diagnosed with diabetes in pregnancy compared to randomly assigned controls born on the same date, whose mothers had no diabetes. RESULTS: In the study period 2015-2017, 526 mothers diagnosed with GDM or PGDM and their newborn infants were identified. The authors randomly assigned 526 control infants. The rate of women with diabetes in pregnancy was 5.0%. Mothers with GDM andPGDM had higher rates of pre-eclampsia, multiple pregnancies, and preterm deliveries. Mothers withPGDM had significantly higher rates of intrauterine fetal demise (4.3%), congenital anomalies (12.8%), and small-for-gestational-age neonates (10.6%) compared to controls (0%, 3.2%, and 4.2%, respectively, P < 0.001). The risks for preterm or cesarean delivery, large-for-gestational-age neonate, respiratory morbidity, hypoglycemia, and polycythemia were increased in offspring of mothers with diabetes, especially PGDM. CONCLUSIONS: Despite all the advancements in prenatal care, diabetes in pregnancy, both PGDM and GDM, is still associated with significant morbidities and complications in offspring. Better preconception and inter-pregnancy care might reduce these risks.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing in parallel to the worldwide obesity and type 2 diabetes pandemic. Both GDM and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) are associated with short- and long-term consequences in the offspring. There are few recent studies addressing outcomes of newborns born to women diagnosed with GDM and PGDM in Israel. OBJECTIVES: To assess perinatal complications in offspring of women with GDM and PGDM. METHODS: The authors conducted a single-center retrospective case-control study of outcomes of all newborns whose mothers had been diagnosed with diabetes in pregnancy compared to randomly assigned controls born on the same date, whose mothers had no diabetes. RESULTS: In the study period 2015-2017, 526 mothers diagnosed with GDM or PGDM and their newborn infants were identified. The authors randomly assigned 526 control infants. The rate of women with diabetes in pregnancy was 5.0%. Mothers with GDM and PGDM had higher rates of pre-eclampsia, multiple pregnancies, and preterm deliveries. Mothers with PGDM had significantly higher rates of intrauterine fetal demise (4.3%), congenital anomalies (12.8%), and small-for-gestational-age neonates (10.6%) compared to controls (0%, 3.2%, and 4.2%, respectively, P < 0.001). The risks for preterm or cesarean delivery, large-for-gestational-age neonate, respiratory morbidity, hypoglycemia, and polycythemia were increased in offspring of mothers with diabetes, especially PGDM. CONCLUSIONS: Despite all the advancements in prenatal care, diabetes in pregnancy, both PGDM and GDM, is still associated with significant morbidities and complications in offspring. Better preconception and inter-pregnancy care might reduce these risks.
Authors: Andrea Sonaglioni; Marta Braga; Maria Cristina Villa; Anna Ferrulli; Gian Luigi Nicolosi; Michele Lombardo; Claudio Migliori; Livio Luzi Journal: Acta Diabetol Date: 2022-06-09 Impact factor: 4.087
Authors: Giampiero Capobianco; Alessandra Gulotta; Giulio Tupponi; Francesco Dessole; Giuseppe Virdis; Claudio Cherchi; Davide De Vita; Marco Petrillo; Giorgio Olzai; Roberto Antonucci; Laura Saderi; Pier Luigi Cherchi; Salvatore Dessole; Giovanni Sotgiu Journal: J Pers Med Date: 2022-08-16