Immunohistochemical staining of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in paraffin sections using the MB1 and MT1 monoclonal antibodies.

We have performed a single blind trial to assess the value of the monoclonal antibodies MB1 and MT1 in lymphoma classification. Sixty cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were stained with MB1 and MT1 using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique in paraffin sections. The majority of B tumours (27/33) stained with MB1, and most of the T tumours (24/27) stained with MT1. The MB1 antibody often produced rather weak staining but it was apparently highly specific for B cells, with only three (3/27) of the T tumours (two cases of 'malignant histiocytosis' of the intestine (MHI) and one pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma) displaying 'false' positivity. The MT1 antibody generally produced very strong staining, but it was not very selective, with 14/33 of the B lymphomas displaying 'false' positivity. the cross-reactivity observed in 17 cases led to only three misdiagnoses, two B tumours being designated as T lymphomas and one T tumour being designated as a B lymphoma. In a few cases (7/17), dual staining with both antibodies precluded firm diagnosis. In other cases (6/17), classification was possible despite some of the tumour cells showing dual staining. The seventeenth case was a plasmacytoma displaying MT1 positivity only. While the monoclonal antibodies MB1 and MT1 are of use in classifying lymphomas in paraffin section, they are not entirely lineage-specific, and the uncritical use of these two reagents alone may give rise to misdiagnosis; the use of a panel of monoclonal antibodies may yield more accurate results. As with any immunohistochemical marker, their limitations should be recognized; interpretation must be judicious and always in the context of the histological appearances.