Marco A Hidalgo1,2, Hanno Petras3, Diane Chen4,5, Gia Chodzen6. 1. Center for Transyouth Health and Development, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 3. American Institutes for Research, Washington, DC, USA. 4. Gender and Sex Development Program, Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine & Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. 5. Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences & Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. 6. Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Minority stress contributes to several physical and psychological problems in sexual and gender minorities but is largely understudied in transgender/gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals, particularly TGNC adolescents. The availability of psychometrically sound measures of adolescent minority stress can help improve assessment and treatment planning in this area. This original research study examined whether an existing measure of TGNC-related minority stress and resilience among adults could retain construct and psychometric validity when administered to TGNC adolescents. METHODS: Respondents were 258 TGNC adolescents, aged 12 -17.99 years (M=15.1, SD=1.4), majority white/European American (70.2%) and assigned female at birth (71.7%) seeking care in an interdisciplinary gender-health clinic within a pediatric academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. Respondents completed a battery of clinical measures as standard of care, including the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure, measures of anxiety and depression symptoms, and parental support. RESULTS: Findings indicated that minor adaptation of the existing adult measure resulted in high internal consistency and construct validity across 9 subscales assessing domains of minority stress and resilience in this sample of TGNC adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of the factor structure, reliability and validity of an adolescent extension of the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience measure (GMSR-A). These findings demonstrate the clinical utility of the GMSR-A, a tool that can help increase understanding of minority stress and resilience phenomena experienced by TGNC adolescents.
OBJECTIVE: Minority stress contributes to several physical and psychological problems in sexual and gender minorities but is largely understudied in transgender/gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals, particularly TGNC adolescents. The availability of psychometrically sound measures of adolescent minority stress can help improve assessment and treatment planning in this area. This original research study examined whether an existing measure of TGNC-related minority stress and resilience among adults could retain construct and psychometric validity when administered to TGNC adolescents. METHODS: Respondents were 258 TGNC adolescents, aged 12 -17.99 years (M=15.1, SD=1.4), majority white/European American (70.2%) and assigned female at birth (71.7%) seeking care in an interdisciplinary gender-health clinic within a pediatric academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. Respondents completed a battery of clinical measures as standard of care, including the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure, measures of anxiety and depression symptoms, and parental support. RESULTS: Findings indicated that minor adaptation of the existing adult measure resulted in high internal consistency and construct validity across 9 subscales assessing domains of minority stress and resilience in this sample of TGNC adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of the factor structure, reliability and validity of an adolescent extension of the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience measure (GMSR-A). These findings demonstrate the clinical utility of the GMSR-A, a tool that can help increase understanding of minority stress and resilience phenomena experienced by TGNC adolescents.
Entities:
Keywords:
adolescents; measurement; social stigma; transgender/gender-nonconforming
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