Shan Zhu1, Jie Chang2, Khezar Hayat1, Pengchao Li1, Wenjing Ji1, Yu Fang3. 1. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China. 2. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China. Electronic address: jiechang@xjtu.edu.cn. 3. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China; Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, China's Western Technological Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China. Electronic address: yufang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Chinese women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have not yet been introduced in the Chinese national immunization program, and people vaccinate voluntarily at their own expense. Therefore, it is important to study the factors that could impact parents' decisions for HPV vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To quantify parental preferences regarding HPV vaccination for junior middle school-aged girls. METHOD: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was conducted to assess parents' preferences for HPV vaccines. Data were collected from parents of girls aged 12-16 years in 11 middle schools of Shandong Province. We evaluated preferences for five attributes of HPV vaccination (vaccine effectiveness, protection duration, risk of side effects, cost, and vaccination location). Conditional logit regressions were adopted for analyses. RESULTS: 995 parents completed valid DCE questions. All attributes influenced parents' willingness to vaccinate. Comparatively highly educated parents preferred more on higher vaccine effectiveness and lower side effects risks while more intended to accept higher prices. Parents were willing to trade 2326.32 CNY for an increase in HPV vaccine effectiveness from 50% to 90%. Nearly 70% percent of the respondents were predicted to prefer multiple improvements in HPV vaccination (protection increased from 70% to 95%, duration increased from 9 years to 15 years, and vaccination location changed from vaccination center to school) to the base case. CONCLUSION: Various vaccine characteristics and implementation strategies influence respondents' preferences. Health education with evidence-based information about HPV vaccines would help parents make informed decisions. The findings can also assist agencies responsible for HPV vaccination implementation and cervical cancer prevention in China in decisions regarding vaccination financing and vaccine approval.
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Chinese women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have not yet been introduced in the Chinese national immunization program, and people vaccinate voluntarily at their own expense. Therefore, it is important to study the factors that could impact parents' decisions for HPV vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To quantify parental preferences regarding HPV vaccination for junior middle school-aged girls. METHOD: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was conducted to assess parents' preferences for HPV vaccines. Data were collected from parents of girls aged 12-16 years in 11 middle schools of Shandong Province. We evaluated preferences for five attributes of HPV vaccination (vaccine effectiveness, protection duration, risk of side effects, cost, and vaccination location). Conditional logit regressions were adopted for analyses. RESULTS: 995 parents completed valid DCE questions. All attributes influenced parents' willingness to vaccinate. Comparatively highly educated parents preferred more on higher vaccine effectiveness and lower side effects risks while more intended to accept higher prices. Parents were willing to trade 2326.32 CNY for an increase in HPV vaccine effectiveness from 50% to 90%. Nearly 70% percent of the respondents were predicted to prefer multiple improvements in HPV vaccination (protection increased from 70% to 95%, duration increased from 9 years to 15 years, and vaccination location changed from vaccination center to school) to the base case. CONCLUSION: Various vaccine characteristics and implementation strategies influence respondents' preferences. Health education with evidence-based information about HPV vaccines would help parents make informed decisions. The findings can also assist agencies responsible for HPV vaccination implementation and cervical cancer prevention in China in decisions regarding vaccination financing and vaccine approval.
Authors: Minghuan Jiang; Yilin Gong; Yu Fang; Xuelin Yao; Liuxin Feng; Shan Zhu; Jin Peng; Xinke Shi Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-02-14 Impact factor: 3.390