R J Lake1, D M Campbell2, S C Hathaway2, E Ashmore3, P J Cressey3, B J Horn3, S Pirikahu4, J M Sherwood5, M G Baker6, P Shoemack7, J Benschop8, J C Marshall9, A C Midwinter8, D A Wilkinson8, N P French10. 1. Risk Assessment and Social Systems Group, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Christchurch Science Centre, 27 Creyke Road, Ilam, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand; New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, New Zealand. Electronic address: rob.lake@esr.cri.nz. 2. New Zealand Food Safety, Ministry of Primary Industries, PO Box 2526, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. 3. Risk Assessment and Social Systems Group, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Christchurch Science Centre, 27 Creyke Road, Ilam, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand. 4. School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA, Perth, Australia. 5. Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Kenepuru Science Centre, PO Box 50348, Porirua 5240, New Zealand. 6. University of Otago, Wellington, Box 7343, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand. 7. Bay of Plenty District Health Board, PO Box 2120, Tauranga, 3140, New Zealand. 8. Tāwharau Ora, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand. 9. School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4474, New Zealand. 10. New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, New Zealand; Tāwharau Ora, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Following an initial reduction in human campylobacteriosis in New Zealand after the implementation of poultry food chain-focused interventions during 2006-2008, further decline has been relatively small. We report a year-long study of notified campylobacteriosis cases, incorporating a case control study combined with a source attribution study. The purpose was to generate up-to-date evidence on the relative contributions of different sources of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand. METHODS: The study approach included: • A case-control study of notified cases (aged six months or more) sampled in a major urban centre (Auckland, every second case) and a mixed urban/rural area (Manawatū/Whanganui, every case), between 12 March 2018 and 11 March 2019. • Source attribution of human campylobacteriosis cases sampled from these two regions over the study period by modelling of multilocus sequence typing data of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli isolates from faecal samples of notified human cases and relevant sources (poultry, cattle, sheep). RESULTS: Most cases (84%) were infected with strains attributed to a poultry source, while 14% were attributed to a cattle source. Approximately 90% of urban campylobacteriosis cases were attributed to poultry sources, compared to almost 75% of rural cases. Poultry consumption per se was not identified as a significant risk factor. However specific risk factors related to poultry meat preparation and consumption did result in statistically significantly elevated odds ratios. CONCLUSIONS: The overall findings combining source attribution and analysis of specific risk factors indicate that poultry meat remains a dominant pathway for exposure and infection.
BACKGROUND: Following an initial reduction in human campylobacteriosis in New Zealand after the implementation of poultry food chain-focused interventions during 2006-2008, further decline has been relatively small. We report a year-long study of notified campylobacteriosis cases, incorporating a case control study combined with a source attribution study. The purpose was to generate up-to-date evidence on the relative contributions of different sources of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand. METHODS: The study approach included: • A case-control study of notified cases (aged six months or more) sampled in a major urban centre (Auckland, every second case) and a mixed urban/rural area (Manawatū/Whanganui, every case), between 12 March 2018 and 11 March 2019. • Source attribution of human campylobacteriosis cases sampled from these two regions over the study period by modelling of multilocus sequence typing data of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli isolates from faecal samples of notified human cases and relevant sources (poultry, cattle, sheep). RESULTS: Most cases (84%) were infected with strains attributed to a poultry source, while 14% were attributed to a cattle source. Approximately 90% of urban campylobacteriosis cases were attributed to poultry sources, compared to almost 75% of rural cases. Poultry consumption per se was not identified as a significant risk factor. However specific risk factors related to poultry meat preparation and consumption did result in statistically significantly elevated odds ratios. CONCLUSIONS: The overall findings combining source attribution and analysis of specific risk factors indicate that poultry meat remains a dominant pathway for exposure and infection.
Authors: Samuel J Bloomfield; Anne C Midwinter; Patrick J Biggs; Nigel P French; Jonathan C Marshall; David T S Hayman; Philip E Carter; Alison E Mather; Ahmed Fayaz; Craig Thornley; David J Kelly; Jackie Benschop Journal: Gut Pathog Date: 2021-12-10 Impact factor: 4.181
Authors: Danielle M Cribb; Liana Varrone; Rhiannon L Wallace; Angus T McLure; James J Smith; Russell J Stafford; Dieter M Bulach; Linda A Selvey; Simon M Firestone; Nigel P French; Mary Valcanis; Emily J Fearnley; Timothy S Sloan-Gardner; Trudy Graham; Kathryn Glass; Martyn D Kirk Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2022-06-30 Impact factor: 3.667
Authors: Lauren K Hudson; William E Andershock; Runan Yan; Mugdha Golwalkar; Nkuchia M M'ikanatha; Irving Nachamkin; Linda S Thomas; Christina Moore; Xiaorong Qian; Richard Steece; Katie N Garman; John R Dunn; Jasna Kovac; Thomas G Denes Journal: Microorganisms Date: 2021-11-05